Level of nurses’ knowledge on pressure ulcer prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis study in Ethiopia

Abstract

Objective Pressure ulcers (PU) are injuries to the skin and underlying tissue because of prolonged pressure. It affects millions of people in the world. One of the major nursing roles is to prevent patients from developing PU. Inadequate knowledge of nurses' toward PU can have a significant effect on preventive care strategies. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis study was to assess the overall level of nurses’ knowledge about the prevention of pressure ulcers. Methods A systemic review of primary research was undertaken and nurses’ knowledge on pressure ulcer prevention was evaluated. All original cross-sectional studies conducted only in Ethiopia in the English language were included in this meta-analysis. After extraction, the data analysis was done using STATA version 11 statistical software. Based on heterogeneity between the studies, the data were analyzed using a random effects model. Results In this systematic review and meta-analysis, all the studies on nurses' knowledge on the prevention of PU were reviewed based on the PRISMA statement. The overall knowledge of nurses’ on pressure ulcer prevention was 46.24 % (95 % CI: 26.63–65.85). Conclusion The overall knowledge of nurses’ on pressure ulcer prevention was low in this meta-analysis study. Sustainable training about the prevention of PU is very important for all nurses.

Análise do conhecimento de profissionais de enfermagem sobre prevenção de lesão por pressão: estudo transversal

“…Indicando, assim, uma possível debilidade no processo de formação que, inevitavelmente, pode acabar refletindo na prática assistencial. 11 Sabe-se que a utilização de escalas adequadas auxilia efetivamente na detecção dos riscos para desenvolvimento de LP, constituindo uma das principais ferramentas para atuar na prevenção e no controle desta afecção, 26 posto que permite aos profissionais da enfermagem um planejamento da assistência voltado às necessidades individuais de cada paciente, auxiliando processos de diagnóstico, de tratamento e de prevenção. 27 Logo, o conhecimento acerca dessas assistências e o seu respectivo uso devem ser tidos como prioridades na formação e nos programas de educação permanente.…”

“…Essas ações, contudo, contribuem significativamente para a ocorrência e/ou o agravamento da LP. 11 Com vistas à modificação desse cenário, aponta-se para a imprescindibilidade da qualificação profissional ainda durante a graduação. 12 Entretanto, pesquisas nacionais e internacionais verificam que o período de formação dos estudantes pode ser marcado por lacunas que culminam num importante déficit de conhecimento sobre LP.…”

Analysis of nursing professionals’ knowledge about pressure ulcer prevention: a cross-sectional study

“…Thus indicating a possible weakness in the training process that, inevitably, may end up reflecting on care practice. 11 It is known that the use of adequate scales effectively helps in the detection of risks for the development of PU, constituting one of the main tools to act in the prevention and control of this condition, 26 since it allows nursing professionals to plan care focused on individual needs of each patient, helping diagnosis, treatment and prevention processes. 27 Therefore, knowledge about these assistances and their respective use should be considered priorities in training and continuing education programs.…”

“…These actions, however, significantly lead to the occurrence and/or worsening of the PU. 11 With a view to modifying this scenario, it is pointed out the indispensability of professional qualification even during the undergraduate course. 12 However, national and international research verifies that the students' training period can be marked by gaps that culminate in an important deficit of knowledge about PU.…”

Caracterización de lesiones de piel en una institución de salud en Bogotá

“…Ruth Alexandra Castiblanco-Montañez, Ángela María Agudelo-Turriago, Jenny Yasmin Salas-Pérez, Margarita Pérez-Pérez, Melany Yailyn Guzmán-Ruiz peccionar la piel al menos cada 24 horas para detectar signos de enrojecimiento en los pacientes (21); así mismo, hay que mantener una adecuada hidratación para proteger la piel, ya que si está seca hay mayor riesgo de aparición de lesiones (22). De igual forma, es necesario limpiar y secar la piel después de cada episodio de incontinencia, eliminando los productos de desecho como orina, heces y transpiración, para prevenir la irritación química, ya que si la piel está húmeda es frágil y más susceptible a la fricción (23). Igualmente se debe realizar la movilización del paciente cada dos horas como mínimo, educando e implicando siempre que sea posible al paciente, familiares y cuidadores (24).…”