Level of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress of College Students in Indonesia during the Pandemic COVID-19

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a shift in learning methods to online. The obstacles felt by college students can have an impact on mental health. However, data on student mental health in Indonesia during the pandemic is still limited. This study describes the depression, anxiety, and stress of college students in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method is descriptive, conducted on college students in Indonesia from July to August 2021. Sampling is done by voluntary sampling collection, with 258 respondents. The research instrument is a questionnaire of characteristics and depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS) 42 in the form of Google Form. Data analysis using Microsoft Excel. The results of the research on the characteristics of the most respondents, namely, age in the range of 20–24 years (85.3%), female (64.7%), from Java (60.8), third grade (66.7%), living with parents (74.8%), and from the faculty of medicine (23.3%). More college students are not depressed (55.0%) or not stressed (57.4%) than those who are depressed or stressed. However, more college students experience anxiety than those who are not anxious, 60.1%. Based on the level, most college students experienced moderate depression (12.8%), very severe anxiety (20.9%), and severe stress (13.6%). This study concludes that most college students experience moderate depression, very severe anxiety, and severe stress. The success of online education depends on several factors, such as basic technical skills and the ability to access hardware and software, good self-motivation, and the availability of a conducive learning environment. This problem can have an impact on the mental health of college students. TINGKAT DEPRESI, KECEMASAN, DAN STRES PADA MAHASISWA DI INDONESIA SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan peralihan metode pembelajaran menjadi daring. Terdapat manfaat dan kendala pada pembelajaran daring. Kendala yang dirasakan mahasiswa dapat berdampak pada kesehatan mental. Data kesehatan mental mahasiswa di Indonesia selama pandemik masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan depresi, kecemasan, dan stres pada mahasiswa di Indonesia selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif yang dilakukan pada mahasiswa di Indonesia pada Juli hingga Agustus 2021. Pengambilan sampel dengan cara sampling sukarela dengan jumlah responden 258 orang. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner karakteristik dan depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS) 42 dalam bentuk Google Form. Analisis data menggunakan Microsoft Excel. Hasil penelitian karakteristik responden yang terbanyak, yaitu usia pada rentang 20–24 tahun (85,3%), perempuan (64,7%), berasal dari Pulau Jawa (60,8), tingkat tiga (66,7%), tinggal bersama orangtua (74,8%), dan dari fakultas kedokteran (23,3%). Lebih banyak mahasiswa yang tidak depresi (55,0%) atau tidak stres (57,4%) daripada yang depresi atau stres. Namun, lebih banyak mahasiswa yang mengalami kecemasan daripada yang tidak cemas, yaitu 60,1%. Berdasar atas tingkatannya, mahasiswa paling banyak mengalami depresi sedang (12,8%), kecemasan sangat berat (20,9%), dan stres berat (13,6%). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah sebagian besar mahasiswa mengalami depresi sedang, kecemasan sangat berat, dan stres berat. Keberhasilan pendidikan daring bergantung pada beberapa faktor seperti keterampilan teknis dasar dan kemampuan mengakses perangkat keras dan lunak, motivasi diri yang baik, serta ketersediaan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif. Terkendalanya hal ini dapat berdampak pada kesehatan mental mahasiswa.

Psychological distress: The role of self-regulated learning in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

“…It is unavoidable that even though students demonstrated adequate levels of selfregulated learning, most participants reported that they have experienced stress (92.1%) related to online learning, particularly in the first 0 to 7 months of online learning (65.4%). Besides that, the previous research found that mental health problems commonly happen at 17-29 years old (Beiter et al, 2015;Fauziyyah et al, 2021;Romadhona et al, 2021), whereas participants in this research aged 19-21 years old. Each individual has self-regulated learning, which results in different responses to changes in learning and instructions; some students would have difficulty concentrating or exert great effort in the new learning environment selfadjustment (Li et al, 2021;Schunk & Greene, 2018).…”

Eating behavior and health-related quality of life among female students attending higher education during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

“…A study assessing the level of depression, anxiety, and stress of college students in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic concluded that the majority of college students suffer from moderate depression, severe anxiety, and severe stress. 20 Especially in the Covid-19 pandemic situation, the female students tent to perceive higher stress due to some pressures because they were more likely to ruminate during stressful situations and had a lower sense of mastery over their lives, which could lead to emotional eating as their coping mechanism. 21 In this study, it is shown that PCS had a higher score than MCS.…”

Implementation of the Psychological Scale Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (Dass-21) in the Expert System for Diagnosing Mental Health Disorder

“…Apart from this research, further research has been carried out [2] regarding the mental health of students at College and poor mental health by 41%. Other research [3] on a sample of 258 students in Indonesia between July and August 2021 showed that the majority of students experienced moderate depression (12.8%), very severe anxiety (20.9%), and severe stress (13.6%).…”

“…Based on research results [1], [2], and [3] it is known that mental health disorders in students are something that commonly occur without even the students themselves realizing it. Even though they know, students just keep quiet or, worse, make the wrong self-diagnoses about their mental health.…”