“…Of these pathogens, Colletotrichum graminicola causes significant annual yield losses estimated at greater than one billion U.S. dollars in the Americas alone (Oestreich 2005). In Brazil, the highest frequency of stalk rot concerns C. graminicola, Stenocarpella maydis, S. macrospora, Fusarium graminearum and F. moniliforme (Pereira and Pereira 1976, Balmer and Pereira 1987, Reis and Casa 1996, Denti and Reis 2003, Costa et al 2010.…”