Leukemia inhibitory factor is dysregulated in the endometrium and uterine flushing fluid of patients with adenomyosis during implantation window

Adenomyosis and infertility

“…Mikolajczyk et al (2006) found that LIF concentrations in uterine flushing fluid during the implantation window are lower in women with infertility compared with healthy controls. A recent study by Xiao et al (2010) has shown that LIF expression is decreased in the endometrium of women with adenomyosis during the midsecretory phase. In addition, women with adenomyosis and a history of infertility showed significantly lower LIF concentrations in uterine flushing fluid, compared with fertile controls.…”

HOXA10 expression is decreased in endometrium of women with adenomyosis

“…Another known marker of endometrial receptivity, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), also is associated with endometrial receptivity (43)(44)(45)(46)(47). LIF expression has recently been demonstrated to be decreased in women with adenomyosis during the mid-secretory phase (48). In adenomyosis, the decreased expression of both HOXA10 and LIF asserts that a change in the endometrial molecular environment plays a role in decreased implantation and receptivity.…”

Endometriosis and infertility: biomarkers affecting implantation rate

“…The leukemia inhibiting factor (LIF) is an important cytokine belonging to the IL-6 family and is among the many factors expressed in the uterine luminal endometrium during the window of implantation [12]. In 2006, Dimitriadis et al found that the levels of LIF expressed in the luminal epithelium during the midto late secretory phase of the menstrual cycle were lower in infertile women with endometriosis when compared with fertile controls [13].…”