Leukemia Cutis

Ratnam, Kavipurapa V.; Khor, Christopher Jen Lock; Su, W.P. Daniel

doi:10.1016/s0733-8635(18)30190-6

Cited by 122 publications

(145 citation statements)

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“…Mit 23-38 % ist die gleichzeitige kutane und systemische Manifestation einer Leukämie weniger häufig. Als selten gilt die in bis zu 7 % der Fälle vorliegende aleukämische LC, bei der die spezifischen kutanen Befunde der Leukämie dem hämatoonkologischen Nachweis der Erkrankung im peripheren Blutbild und im Knochenmark um Monate oder Jahre vorausgehen [6,8]. Bevorzugte Lokalisationen der LC kön-nen nicht benannt werden.…”

Section: Klinische Befundeunclassified

“…Das histologische Bild variiert in der Regel auch im zeitlichen Verlauf erheblich und korreliert nicht zwangsläufig mit der Klinik [6,63]. Für die endgültige diagnostische Einordnung sind daher insbesondere die hämatoonkologischen Befunde aus dem peripheren Blut und dem Knochenmark, aber auch der klinische Verlauf der Leukämie zu berücksichtigen.…”

Section: Klinische Befundeunclassified

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Leukaemia cutis – Epidemiologie, Klinik und Differenzialdiagnosen

Wagner

Fenchel

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et al. 2011

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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Section: Klinische Befundeunclassified

Leukaemia cutis – Epidemiologie, Klinik und Differenzialdiagnosen

Wagner

Fenchel

Back

et al. 2011

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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“…29 The cutaneous lesions produced by different leukemia subtypes have remarkable uniformity; however, a patient may develop distinctly different morphologies over the course of the disease. 29,30 The most commonly involved anatomic location are the lower extremities followed by the upper extremities, back, trunk, and face. 31 Interestingly, LC may have a predilection for sites of previous or current inflammation.…”

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confidence: 99%

How I treat extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia

Bakst¹,

Tallman

Douer

et al. 2011

Blood

415

586

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IntroductionAcute leukemia may present in a variety of extramedullary (EM) tissues with or without bone marrow disease. EM involvement by acute leukemia is a relatively rare, but clinically significant, phenomenon that often poses therapeutic dilemmas. Myeloid sarcoma (MS) and leukemia cutis (LC) represent 2 well-known EM manifestations. MS (also known as granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma) is a rare EM tumor of immature myeloid cells. It was first described in 1811 1 and later named "chloroma" by King 2 in 1853 because of its green color caused by the presence of myeloperoxidase (MPO). 3 Five decades later, the relationship of MS to acute leukemia was identified. 4 The term "granulocytic sarcoma" was introduced later by Rappaport to describe only tumors of granulocytic origin 5 ; however, the term is now often applied to any tumor related to acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).LC is the infiltration of the epidermis, dermis, or subcutis by neoplastic leukocytes (leukemia cells) resulting in clinically identifiable cutaneous lesions. LC commonly results in subcutaneous nodules and can be confusingly referred to as cutaneous granulocytic sarcoma. 6,7 For the purposes of this article, LC will refer to cutaneous involvement only. LC has been described mostly in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but also in the accelerated phase of chronic myeloid leukemia, MDS, and rarely in acute lymphocytic leukemias. 7 In this article, we describe an approach and therapeutic strategies for patients with EM manifestations of leukemia by addressing a series of questions commonly raised by the practicing clinician. How common are MS and LC, respectively?MS is reported in 2.5%-9.1% 8-10 of patients with AML and occurs concomitantly, following, or, rarely, antedating the onset of systemic bone marrow leukemia. 11 Isolated MS, defined by the absence of a history of leukemia, MDS, or myeloproliferative neoplasm and a negative bone morrow biopsy, has been described in limited case reports. 12 Many of these patients are often misdiagnosed with lymphoma. 13,14 Certain known AML cytogenetic abnormalities, in particular t(8,21), have been associated with a higher incidence. 15 MS can also develop at relapse with or without marrow involvement. The incidence of patients developing MS after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has been reported to be 0.2%-1.3% with poor overall survival. 16,17 LC occurs in ϳ 3% of patients with AML 18 and less frequently in chronic leukemias. 19 The reported incidence may be overestimated if biopsy is not performed because skin lesions similar to LC have a wide range of inflammatory, neoplastic, and infectious etiologies. 19 Certain subtypes of AML are more commonly associated with skin infiltration. The most frequent association occurs with acute myelomonocytic and monocytic differentiation with involvement in up to 50% of patients. 18,20,21 The incidence of LC may be higher in children, particularly infants with myeloid leukemia. 22 How do MS and LC most often present clinically?MS most...

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“…[1][2][3] While the association between AML with monocytic features and LC has been described, little is known about the association of other AML characteristics and LC. 2,4,5 Recently, a number of recurrent gene mutations have been described in AML; however, the association of these mutations and LC has not been systematically investigated. 6,7 Using amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) of a panel of recurrent, hematologic malignancy-associated mutations, we sought to determine the association between molecular markers and LC.…”

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confidence: 99%