Leukemia and its Oral Manifestations in Children Younger than 12 Years Referred to Tehran Pediatric Hospitals

Abstract

Background: Acute leukemia is a malignant, rapidly progressive disease of the bone marrow and blood that most commonly occurs in children. Abnormalities of blood caused by leukemia and also accumulation of leukemic cells in different parts of the oral cavity cause a wide spectrum of oral manifestations. Objectives: The current study aimed to estimate the incidence of leukemia among children in Tehran and evaluate oral manifestations of the disease as potential diagnostic markers. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, medical records of children younger than 12 years referred to Mofid hospital, Ali-Asghar hospital and Children's medical center from 1997to 2011 were retrieved from the hospital archives and evaluated. Records of 100 patients with leukemia were randomly selected for evaluation. The obtained data were transferred to the questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11.5 and Chi-square test. Results: Of the 3,789 children younger than 12 years referred to the hematology department of Tehran pediatric hospitals from 1997 to 2001, 1,372 had acute leukemia, put of which 94% had acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 5% had acute myeloid leukemia. Boys aged 5 -10 years made up 69% of the acute leukemia cases. The most common oral manifestation was gingival bleeding and petechiae. The most important disease other than leukemia was anemia in the patients. Conclusions:The present study highlights the role of dentists to detect oral manifestations of leukemia and their possible role in early diagnosis of patients with the disease.

Oral neglect as a marker of broader neglect: a cross-sectional investigation of orodental consultation letter of leukemic admitted patients in Iran

“…In this study, the frequency of oral complications of studied cases was only 36% which is similar to the frequency of the study carried out by Nakhostin et al [17] (39.7%); however, in clinical studies, the frequency of oral complications was determined higher than this study [5,6,20]. Nakhostin et al [17] believed that the reason of low prevalence of oral complications in their study was the issue of not registering them in patients' files. Our results are consistent with the study above.…”

“…Considering the review of studies, it seems that a little amount of information is available about medical consultation in patients with hematologic cancer due to oral complications [16,17]; timely diagnosis of oral complications caused by leukemia has a vital role in prognosis and patients' quality of life. This study evaluated the prevalence of oral and dental consultations conducted in the admitted leukemic patients in the Oncology Department of Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital during February and March, 2017.…”

Manifestaciones bucales de la leucemia linfoblástica aguda en infantes de 4 a 10 años de edad. Revisión bibliográfica

“…Los encargados de los pacientes deben ser responsables en el cuidado de la higiene de su cavidad bucal. Y por último incitar al tratamiento odontológico antes de las quimioterapias o radioterapias para disminuir posibles complicaciones (30) (2) . Para dar a conocer los resultados del estudio se escogieron una información de un total de 30 artículos científicos con datos referenciales que mencionan los estudios realizados en pacientes pediátricos con leucemia linfoblástica aguda, cuyas edades varía entre 0 -14 años de edad, las publicaciones investigadas están comprendidas desde el año 2009 hasta el 2021.…”

“…El principal tratamiento utilizado para la LLA es la quimioterapia que busca atacar y destruir las células cancerosas que se reproducen rápidamente, existen diferentes métodos de medicamentos terapéuticos (16)(29) . La mayoría de los pacientes que presentaron mucositis estaban en fase de consolidación que es donde disminuye el número de células residuales de la enfermedad (30) . Un efecto adverso de la quimioterapia es que se ve afectado el crecimiento de las células normales y la capacidad de las mucosas para regenerarse, favoreciendo la aparición de mucositis que por lo general aparece con frecuencia entre los 5 y 7 días después del inicio de la quimioterapia (31) (9) .…”

Effect of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia on Salivary Alterations in Children Before and After Chemotherapy Induction

“…Due to the simplicity of collection, low cost and non-invasive character of the method to obtain material for study, saliva tests have become a good method to diagnose various diseases as they enable the evaluation of the effects of treatment [5][6] .Time of diagnosis of leukemia is very important since in cases of early diagnosis, patients will have a survival rate as high as 80%. By paying attention to the oral and salivary changes of leukemia, dentists can play an important role in its early diagnosis 7 . The present research was proposed to investigate the effect of acute lymphoblastic leukemia on salivary alterations in children before and after chemotherapy induction.…”