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The pattern of weight and height growth was improved after intestinal resection for CD. Nonetheless, close monitoring of postoperative growth is necessary especially in children diagnosed with CD at a young age.
The pattern of weight and height growth was improved after intestinal resection for CD. Nonetheless, close monitoring of postoperative growth is necessary especially in children diagnosed with CD at a young age.
Background: More specific total body and abdominal fat mass measures might be stronger associated with cardiovascular risk factors in childhood, than BMI. We examined the independent associations of total and abdominal fat measures with cardiovascular risk factors in school age children. Methods:We performed a population-based cohort study among 6,523 children. At the age of 6 y, we measured childhood BMI, and general and abdominal fat mass, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and ultrasound and cardiovascular risk factors. results: Conditional on BMI, higher fat mass percentage and abdominal fat mass were associated with higher blood pressure, total-and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, insulin and c-peptide levels, but with lower left ventricular mass and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (P values < 0.05). These associations differed between underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese children. Higher childhood adiposity measures were associated with increased odds of cardiovascular risk factors clustering, with the strongest effect for fat mass percentage (odds ratios: 3.01 (95% confidence interval: 2.67, 3.9). conclusion: Our results suggest that general and abdominal fat measures are associated with cardiovascular risk factors in childhood, independent from BMI. These measures may provide additional information for identification of children with an adverse cardiovascular profile.c hildhood obesity is a major public health problem (1). It seems that not only overweight and obesity, but also higher body mass across the full range is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in childhood and adulthood (2-5). BMI does not distinguish lean mass from fat mass (6). Among adults and children, total body fat mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) seems to be, independent from BMI, associated with cardiovascular risk factors (3,7). Also, waist circumference, as proxy for abdominal fat mass, was independent of BMI related to the risk of mortality in adults, suggesting that central or abdominal adiposity is more strongly associated with adverse health outcomes (4,8). Abdominal fat mass is an accumulation of both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. In adults, visceral adipose tissue accumulation is stronger related with an adverse glucose and lipid profile than subcutaneous adipose tissue accumulation (8). Thus far, population-based studies focused on the associations of different detailed total body and abdominal fat mass measures with cardiovascular risk factors in children show inconsistent results. Abdominal fat mass in children has been identified as a stronger predictor of cardiovascular risk factors, as compared to BMI, though results are not consistent (2,3,9). These inconsistent findings may be explained by different measures of fat mass and variation of children's age included in these studies.Therefore, we examined in a population-based cohort study among 6,523 school-age children, the independent associations of BMI and total ...
Background: Weight for height in children is often assessed by comparing the child's weight-for-age centile with their heightfor-age centile. However, this assessment has not been validated statistically, and it differs from the body mass index (BMI) centile. Objective: To study indices of weight-for-height based on weight centile-for-age adjusted for height centile-for-age, and to see how they relate to the BMI centile-for-age. Design: Cross-sectional survey of data for 40 536 boys and girls aged 0 -18 y from the 1980 Nationwide Dutch Growth Survey, using the British 1990 and US CDC 2000 growth references.Outcome measures: Two measures of weight for height: (a) the difference between weight centile and height centile, and (b) BMI centile, with the centiles analysed as SD scores (SDS). Results: BMI centile is correlated strongly with weight centile (r ¼ 0.77) but weakly with height centile (r ¼ 0.1). By contrast the difference between weight centile and height centile is correlated only weakly with weight centile (r ¼ 0.3) and strongly negatively with height centile (r ¼ 70.5). BMI centile is predicted to high accuracy by the multiple regression on weight centile and height centile (93 -97% of variance explained, s.e.e. 0.2 units). Conclusions: A child's BMI centile can be calculated to high accuracy from their weight and height centiles as read off the weight and height charts. This avoids the need to calculate BMI or to plot it on the BMI chart. A chart is provided to simplify this calculation, which works throughout the spectrum of nutritional status. It can also be used to monitor individuals' weight, height and BMI centiles simultaneously as they change over time. However the simpler procedure of comparing weight and height centiles (eg a difference of two or three channel widths) is a poor measure of weight-for-height and should not be used.
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