Lethal entanglement in baleen whales

Cassoff, Rachel M.; Moore, Kathleen; McLellan, William A.; Barco, Susan G.; Rotstein, David S.; Moore, Michael J.

doi:10.3354/dao02385

Cited by 125 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Millar and Fryer, 1999). Compared to dolphins, the larger size of humpback whales may make them less likely to become entangled in a net and/or more likely to break away should they become entangled (Cassoff et al, 2011).…”

Section: Selectivity Of Qscp Gearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bycatch and strandings programs as ecological indicators for data-limited cetaceans

Meager

Sumpton

2016

Ecological Indicators

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a b s t r a c tAn integrated approach of using strandings and bycatch data may provide an indicator of long-term trends for data-limited cetaceans. Strandings programs can give a faithful representation of the species composition of cetacean assemblages, while standardised bycatch rates can provide a measure of relative abundance. Comparing the two datasets may also facilitate managing impacts by understanding which species, sex or sizes are the most vulnerable to interactions with fisheries gear. Here we apply this approach to two long-term datasets in East Australia, bycatch in the Queensland Shark Control Program (QSCP, 1992(QSCP, -2012 and strandings in the Queensland Marine Wildlife Strandings and Mortality Program (StrandNet, 1996(StrandNet, -2012. Short-beaked common dolphins, Delphinus delphis, were markedly more frequent in bycatch than in the strandings dataset, suggesting that they are more prone to being incidentally caught than other cetacean species in the region. The reverse was true for humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops spp.; and species predominantly found in offshore waters. QSCP bycatch was strongly skewed towards females for short-beaked common dolphins, and towards smaller sizes for Australian humpback dolphins, Sousa sahulensis. Overall, both datasets demonstrated similar seasonality and a similar long-term increase from 1996 until 2008. Analysis on a species-byspecies basis was then used to explore potential explanations for long-term trends, which ranged from a recovering stock (humpback whales) to a shift in habitat use (short-beaked common dolphins).Crown

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Section: Selectivity Of Qscp Gearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bycatch and strandings programs as ecological indicators for data-limited cetaceans

Meager

Sumpton

2016

Ecological Indicators

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“…Marine mammal strandings (hereafter 'strandings') provide researchers with rare access to protected species and serve as an invaluable source of information on their spatiotemporal distribution (e.g., Maldini et al, 2005;Nemiroff et al, 2010), and biology (e.g., Fernandez and Hohn, 1998;Thayer et al, 2003;Gannon and Waples, 2004). In addition, stranding investigations have been critical in documenting human-induced serious injuries and mortality, such as from vessel strikes (e.g., CampbellMalone et al, 2008), fi shery entanglements (e.g., Byrd et al, 2008;Cassoff et al, 2011), and sonar effects (e.g., Jepson et al, 2005). Changes in temporal or spatial patterns of strandings may serve as indicators of underlying changes in the source populations that were driven either by human causes (see previous references in this paragraph) or by naturally occurring events (e.g., Evans et al, 2005;Johnston et al, 2012;Peltier et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strandings as indicators of marine mammal biodiversity and human interactions off the coast of North Carolina

Byrd

Hohn²,

Lovewell³

et al. 2014

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Abstract-The adjacency of 2 marine biogeographic regions off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina (NC), and the proximity of the Gulf Stream result in a high biodiversity of species from northern and southern provinces and from coastal and pelagic habitats. We examined spatiotemporal patterns of marine mammal strandings and evidence of human interaction for these strandings along NC shorelines and evaluated whether the spatiotemporal patterns and species diversity of the stranded animals reflected published records of populations in NC waters.

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“…Entanglements can cause reductions in foraging ability and efficiency, increase drag from entangling gear, and disrupt swimming performance (Lambertsen et al 2005, Cassoff et al 2011, van der Hoop et al 2014, all of which increase the potential for affected whales to enter a state of negative energy balance which, if prolonged, makes re covery from such events difficult. Though the exact process and order by which right whales mobilize energy reserves is not clear, they likely follow generalized trends previously described in fasting mammals which includes mobilization of lipids followed by protein utilization (Cherel et al 1992).…”

Section: Entanglement Severitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, ultrasonic measurements showed increased blubber thickness in older juveniles (8 yr) compared to younger juveniles (1 to 2 yr) (Miller et al 2011). Anthropogenic impacts, including entanglement in fishing gear, may impede foraging ability, increase energy draw due to disruption of the hydrostatic oral seal (Lambertsen et al 2005, Cassoff et al 2011, or increase drag forces created by the entangling gear , Cassoff et al 2011, van der Hoop et al 2014. Although each of these factors creates energetic demands, the degree to which they alter body condition as well as the speed at which changes can be visually detected have not been characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body condition changes arising from natural factors and fishing gear entanglements in North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis

Pettis¹,

Rolland²,

Hamilton³

et al. 2017

Endang. Species. Res.

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Body condition has been correlated with survival and reproductive success in both terrestrial and marine mammals, including North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis. We used photographs of individually identified right whales to assess visual changes in body condition in reproductive females, adult males, juveniles, and entangled whales. Images from sightings of individual whales were grouped sequentially by habitat region, and each group of images was assigned a body condition score of good, fair, or poor based on the dorsal profile posterior to the blowholes. Temporally consecutive groups of images (n = 1496) of 340 individual whales were compared to investigate the frequency, direction, and minimum timeframe between changes in body condition. Changes in body condition scores of right whales were significantly influenced by group category. Lactating females and severely entangled right whales were more likely to exhibit declining body condition than other groups. Resting females were significantly more likely to improve in condition than other groups but exhibited the longest timeframe for improving condition. Young juveniles were less likely to improve in condition compared to adult males, but remained in compromised condition less frequently than older juveniles and adult males. The shortest timeframes between changing body condition scores were 11 d for declining condition and 12 d for improving condition. This study demonstrates that photographic analysis can detect rapid body condition changes and identifies groups of right whales that are particularly vulnerable to declining condition and delayed recovery from energetically taxing events.

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Lethal entanglement in baleen whales

Cited by 125 publications

References 32 publications

Bycatch and strandings programs as ecological indicators for data-limited cetaceans

Bycatch and strandings programs as ecological indicators for data-limited cetaceans

Strandings as indicators of marine mammal biodiversity and human interactions off the coast of North Carolina

Body condition changes arising from natural factors and fishing gear entanglements in North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis

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