Lethal and sublethal effects of imidacloprid on two earthworm species (Aporrectodea nocturna and Allolobophora icterica)

Capowiez, Yvan; Rault, Magali; Costagliola, Guy; Mazzia, Christophe

doi:10.1007/s00374-004-0829-0

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Asterisks indicate significant differences from the control (p \ 0.001) Changes in earthworm body mass (as a biomarker of effect) are thought to be of ecological relevance. It is often assumed that high losses in body mass may lead to negative effects on reproduction and survival (Capowiez et al 2005;Olvera-Velona et al 2008). We found body mass change to be significantly different from the control groups starting for concentrations of imidacloprid as low as 0.66 mg kg -1 dry soil for both species.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

“…Soil water content was measured and adjusted to 20% (80% of the WHC) by adding distilled water thoroughly mixed and sieved again to 3 mm. Then soil spiking (for both, pesticide exposure groups and control groups) was conducted according to the protocol of Capowiez et al (2005) by adding 40 ml of water or solution containing the adapted pesticide concentration, reaching a final soil water content of 25% (of dry soil weight). The predicted environmental concentration (PEC) of imidacloprid was found to be in the range of 0.33-0.66 mg kg -1 dry soil depending on the country and crop under consideration (Oi 1999;Mostert et al 2000).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological and behavioural effects of imidacloprid on two ecologically relevant earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea caliginosa)

et al. 2010

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Earthworms play key roles in soils and sub-lethal effects of environmental toxicants on these organisms should be taken seriously, since they might have detrimental effects on higher ecological levels. In laboratory experiments we have assessed sub-lethal effects (body mass change and cast production) of imidacloprid on two earthworm species commonly found in different agricultural soils (Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea caliginosa). After 7 days of exposure in contaminated soil, a significant loss of body mass was found in both species exposed to imidacloprid concentrations as low as 0.66 mg kg(-1) dry soil. These losses ranged from 18.3 to 39% for A. caliginosa and from 7.4 to 32.4% for L. terrestris, respectively. Changes in cast production, a new biomarker previously validated using L. terrestris, was assessed by soil sieving using the recommended mesh size (5.6 mm) for L. terrestris and three different mesh sizes for A. caliginosa (5.6, 4 and 3.15 mm). The 4 mm mesh size proved to be the most suitable sieve size for A. caliginosa. Cast production increased by 26.2% in A. caliginosa and by 28.1% in L. terrestris at the lowest imidacloprid concentration tested (0.2 mg kg(-1) dry soil), but significantly decreased at higher concentrations (equal to and above 0.66 mg kg(-1) dry soil) in both earthworm species after the 7 days exposure experiment. These decreases in cast production ranged from 44.5 to 96.9% in A. caliginosa and from 42.4 to 95.7% in L. terrestris. The EC(50) for cast production were 0.84 (L. terrestris) and 0.76 mg kg(-1) dry soil (A. caliginosa), respectively. The detected sub-lethal effects were found close to the predicted environmental concentration (PEC) of imidacloprid, which is in the range of 0.33-0.66 mg kg(-1) dry soil. The biomarkers used in the present study, body mass change and changes in cast production, may be of ecological relevance and have shown high sensitivity for imidacloprid exposure of earthworms. The measurement of changes in cast production should be considered for inclusion in current standard tests.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and behavioural effects of imidacloprid on two ecologically relevant earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea caliginosa)

et al. 2010

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“…Earthworms play a major role in the soil ecosystem and are highly sensitive to contaminated soils (e.g., Schaefer 2003;Yeardley et al 1996), which makes them important ecological receptors and relevant test organisms in Ecotoxicology (Lavelle et al 2006;Römbke et al 2005); additionally, the burrowing activities of some species influence the properties and function of soils at different biological, chemical and physical scales (Capowiez et al 2005). In this way, earthworm avoidance behaviour has recently been considered as a promising endpoint in costeffective bioassays for screening soil contamination (Antunes et al 2008;da Luz et al 2004;Hund-Rinke and Wiechering 2001;Schaefer 2003;Slimak 1997;Yeardley et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity evaluation of three pesticides on non-target aquatic and soil organisms: commercial formulation versus active ingredient

et al. 2009

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The Ecological Risk Assessment of pesticides requires data regarding their toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial non-target species. Such requirements concern active ingredient(s), generally not considering the noxious potential of commercial formulations. This work intends to contribute with novel information on the effects of short-term exposures to two herbicides, with different modes of action (Spasor, Stam Novel Flo 480), and an insecticide (Lannate), as well as to corresponding active ingredients (Glyphosate, Propanil and Methomyl, respectively). The microalga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (growth inhibition), the cladoceran Daphnia magna (immobilisation), and the earthworm Eisenia andrei (avoidance behaviour) were used as test species. Both herbicides were innocuous to all test organisms at environmentally realistic concentrations, except for Stam and Propanil (highly toxic for Pseudokirchneriella; moderately toxic to Daphnia). Lannate and Methomyl were highly toxic to Daphnia and caused Eisenia to significantly avoid the spiked soil at realistic application rates. The toxicity of formulations either overestimated (e.g. Stam/Propanil for P. subcapitata) or underestimated (e.g. Stam/Propanil for D. magna) that of the active ingredient.

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“…In general, pesticides used at these rates did not show any effect at the individual level (Addison 1996;Bauer and Römbke 1997;Capowiez et al 2005;Choo and Baker 1998;Vermeulen et al 2001), or they only affected earthworm growth and reproduction (Choo and Baker 1998;Correia and Moreira 2010). For instance, the use of chlorpyrifos at agronomic rates may cause a delay in juvenile growth and a decrease in cocoon production of A. caliginosa (Alshawish et al 2004;Booth and O'Halloran 2001;Booth et al 2000b).…”

Section: Indicators and Effects At Individual And Population Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticides and earthworms. A review

Pelosi¹,

Barot

Capowiez

et al. 2013

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Earthworms provide key soil functions that favour many positive ecosystem services. These services are important for agroecosystem sustainability but can be degraded by intensive cultural practices such as use of pesticides. Many literature reports have investigated the effect of pesticides on earthworms. Here, we review those reports to assess the relevance of the indicators of earthworm response to pesticides, to assess their sensitivity to pesticides, and to highlight the remaining knowledge gaps. We focus on European earthworm species and products authorised in Europe, excluding natural compounds and metals. We consider different organisation levels: the infra-individual level (gene expression and physiology), the individual and population levels (life-history traits, population density and behaviour) and the community level: community biomass and density. Our analysis shows that earthworms are impacted by pesticides at all organisation levels. For example, pesticides disrupt enzymatic activities, increase individual mortality, decrease fecundity and growth, change individual behaviour such as feeding rate and decrease the overall community biomass and density.Insecticides and fungicides are the most toxic pesticides impacting survival and reproduction, respectively.

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Lethal and sublethal effects of imidacloprid on two earthworm species (Aporrectodea nocturna and Allolobophora icterica)

Cited by 61 publications

References 33 publications

Physiological and behavioural effects of imidacloprid on two ecologically relevant earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea caliginosa)

Physiological and behavioural effects of imidacloprid on two ecologically relevant earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea caliginosa)

Toxicity evaluation of three pesticides on non-target aquatic and soil organisms: commercial formulation versus active ingredient

Pesticides and earthworms. A review

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