Lessons learned from fires and explosions involving air pollution control systems

Ogle, Russell A.; Carpenter, Andrew R.; Morrison, Delmar “Trey”

doi:10.1002/prs.10070

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…A flame propagated through the flammable mixture in the connecting pipe and into the vapor space of the tank. The chain of events has much in common with previous events reported from various industries [26,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Investigation of an explosion in a gasoline purification plant

Skjold

Wingerden

2013

Process Safety Progress

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An explosion in an atmospheric storage tank initiated additional tank explosions and a pool fire at a tank facility in Norway. The tank farm had been operated as a purification plant for a petroleum product called coker gasoline. The process entailed extraction of malodorous sulfur containing components, in particular thiols (mercaptans). After several tanker loads of coker gasoline had been treated with a solution of sodium hydroxide and water, the efficiency of the sweetening process declined as precipitated waste accumulated in the tanks and the alkaline solution became increasingly saturated with impurities. The approach adopted for handling the accumulated waste included the addition of hydrochloric acid to neutralize the spent caustic. The explosion occurred when about 80% of the scheduled amount of acid had been added to the solution in the tank. There were no fatalities in the accident, but at least two people received medical treatment for injuries sustained during the course of events. The investigation concluded that the accident was caused by a chemical explosion in the tank. Several factors point toward thiols as the predominant constituents in the fuel-air mixture, but vapors from other volatile substances may also have played a decisive role. The ignition source was most likely a hot surface, resulting from adsorption of volatile organic compounds on activated carbon in the air filter and subsequent self-heating and glowing combustion in the carbon bed. The article summarizes the main results from the accident investigation and lists various measures that can be taken to prevent similar accidents in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Investigation of an explosion in a gasoline purification plant

Skjold

Wingerden

2013

Process Safety Progress

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“…There are additional Process Safety Progress articles that cover the topic of lessons learned [5, 16–21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common lessons learned from an analysis of multiple case histories

Yang¹,

Dinh²,

Castellanos³

et al. 2011

Process Safety Progress

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In recent years there has been increased emphasis on process safety as a result of major chemical incidents involving gas releases, major explosions, and environmental incidents. Spending some time to fix our eyes on the historical catastrophes of industrial processes is necessary for process safety improvement. While each case history presents an important foundation for understanding, identifying, and eliminating root causes, to prevent recurrence of these incidents there is a need to identify the common lessons learned. Root causes are usually deficiencies in safety management systems, but can be any factor that would have prevented the incident if that factor had not occurred. In this article, multiple case histories were analyzed to understand the common similarities between process incidents. The objective of this article is to focus on learning some common lessons from the historical incidents in order to prevent recurrences of similar incidents. Ten important lessons were identified and are described in this article. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 2011

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“…However, adsorbents using activated carbon as the support, as shown in the literature, 3,4 are not safe for treating exhaust gases in the fab or sub-fab of the semiconductor industry because of their flammability. 6 Adsorbents of nonflammable support materials (e.g., metal oxides) are important, and the parameters influencing the adsorption capacity are also worth investigating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silane Removal at Ambient Temperature by Using Alumina-Supported Metal Oxide Adsorbents

Hsu

Tsai

Chiang

et al. 2007

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Copper, zinc, and cerium oxide adsorbents supported on alumina were used to remove silane gas (SiH 4 ). The adsorbents were prepared using a coprecipitation method and characterized by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, X-ray powder diffractometer, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET). The silane removal efficiency and adsorption capacity of the adsorbents were investigated in this study. Test results showed that the adsorbents containing active species had a removal efficiency Ͼ99.9% for SiH 4 before breakthrough. Adsorbents containing mixed oxides (CuO-CeO 2 / Al 2 O 3 and CuO-ZnO/Al 2 O 3 ), which showed well-dispersed active species and high BET surface areas, had a greater adsorption capacity than the adsorbents containing single metal oxide. However, when the CuO-ZnO/ Al 2 O 3 adsorbents contain Ͼ40 wt% of active metal oxides, the increase of active species lowered the BET surface area leading to a decrease of the adsorption capacity. Additionally, when the content of the active metal oxides was between 20% and 40%, the CuO-ZnO/Al 2 O 3 adsorbents demonstrated higher adsorption capacity.

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Lessons learned from fires and explosions involving air pollution control systems

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Investigation of an explosion in a gasoline purification plant

Investigation of an explosion in a gasoline purification plant

Common lessons learned from an analysis of multiple case histories

Silane Removal at Ambient Temperature by Using Alumina-Supported Metal Oxide Adsorbents

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