Lessons Learned From 10 Years of Preschool Intervention for Health Promotion

Preschool teachers display a flexible pattern of pedagogical actions in promoting healthy habits in children

“…Ideally, physical activity needs to be highly promoted within classrooms and other school spaces. Because it not only contributes to the development of gross motor skills, but also coordination through dance and play, learning to get the body moving, and acquiring healthy routines and habits ( Santos-Beneit et al, 2022 ).…”

“…Taken altogether, our results reflect that teachers address the different health dimensions in separate pedagogical actions in specific school spaces. This points out the pedagogical necessity to develop multidimensional health educational programs ( Santos-Beneit et al, 2022 ), because there is still room for implementing healthy lifestyle habits, and in doing it understanding health promotion as a complex phenomenon ( Morin et al, 2002 ). Aligned with this, we would also like to stress how important is the teacher’s education to develop appropriate teaching skills and strategies ( Ferreira et al, 2021 ), and to see themselves as role models and promoters of healthy habits ( Ho and Funk, 2018 ).…”

Evaluation and management of blood lipids through a woman's life cycle

“…Lifestyle habits learned at a young age focusing on healthy diet and exercise are imperative for ideal blood cholesterol levels and long-term cardiovascular health. A recently published trial showed that implementing school-based programs aimed at teaching healthy cardiovascular health habits as early as preschool can achieve lasting lifestyle changes in children, including knowledge, attitudes and habits changed towards leading a healthy lifestyle [11] . The 2018 American Heart Association (AHA)/American College of Cardiology (ACC) Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol [12] and the 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease [3] recommend that patients consume a diet emphasizing vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, healthy protein sources, and non-tropical vegetable oils.…”

Editorial: Targeting innate and adaptive immunity for improvement of cardiovascular disease

“…Extensive effort has been put into preventive interventions, such as anti-smoking campaigns, educational programs for dietary changes and exercise to improve overall cardiovascular health and prevent development of cardiovascular risk factors already in preschool students ( Gupta and Wood, 2019 ; Santos- Beneit et al, 2022 ).…”

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Editorial on the Research Topic Targeting innate and adaptive immunity for improvement of cardiovascular diseaseAccording to the WHO's Global Health Estimates 2019, the deleterious complications of cardiovascular disease, in particular ischemic heart disease and stroke, account for 27% of deaths worldwide, rendering it the single most detrimental disease globally.Extensive effort has been put into preventive interventions, such as anti-smoking campaigns, educational programs for dietary changes and exercise to improve overall cardiovascular health and prevent development of cardiovascular risk factors already in preschool students (Gupta and Wood, 2019;Santos-Beneit et al, 2022).Pharmacological interventions so far mainly focused on modulation of blood pressure, hyperlipidemia and glucose metabolism, as well as antithrombotic therapy, but further optimization has stalled (Arnett et al, 20192019;Fang et al, 2021).Atherosclerosis is the leading underlying pathology of cardiovascular disease, and shares many features with other chronic inflammatory conditions. The concept of bone marrow derived macrophages destabilizing atherosclerotic lesions has been widely accepted, and recent scientific findings have broadened our understanding on how every part of the immune system plays a role in vascular inflammation (Chinetti-Gbaguidi et al, 2015;Engelen et al, 2022) and how stressors such as perioperative inflammation impact on atherosclerosis (Janssen et al, 2015;Janssen et al, 2020).The CANTOS trial, published in 2017, was the first to prove that an antiinflammatory therapy by targeting interleukin-1β with a monoclonal antibody is sufficient to reduce recurrence of cardiovascular events (Ridker et al, 2017).

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