Evaluation and management of blood lipids through a woman's life cycle

Sharma, Jyoti; McAlister, Jan; Aggarwal, Niti R.; Wei, Janet; Mehta, Puja K.; Quesada, Odayme; Mattina, Deirdre; Scott, Nandita S.; Michos, Erin D.; Mahmoud, Zainab; Kurrelmeyer, Karla M.; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de; Lindley, Kathryn J.

doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100333

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…There was no significant difference between groups in HDL-C levels or apo AI kinetic parameters. The latter results show that menopausal status adversely affects LDL-C levels and kinetics, 54,60,61 unlike the findings from eumenorrheic women. These results raise questions about the reliability of preclinical studies to infer results in human populations.…”

Section: Kinetic Studies Focused On Vldl/ldl Particlesmentioning

confidence: 59%

Sex-Specific Differences in Lipoprotein Production and Clearance

Conlon

Welty²,

Reyes‐Soffer

et al. 2023

ATVB

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Therapeutic approaches to reduce atherogenic lipid and lipoprotein levels remain the most effective and assessable strategies to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease. The discovery of novel research targets linked to pathways associated with cardiovascular disease development has enhanced our ability to decrease disease burden; however, residual cardiovascular disease risks remain. Advancements in genetics and personalized medicine are essential to understand some of the factors driving residual risk. Biological sex is among the most relevant factors affecting plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles, playing a pivotal role in the development of cardiovascular disease. This minireview summarizes the most recent preclinical and clinical studies covering the effect of sex on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels. We highlight the recent advances in the mechanisms regulating hepatic lipoprotein production and clearance as potential drivers of disease presentation. We focus on using sex as a biological variable in studying circulating lipid and lipoprotein levels.

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Section: Kinetic Studies Focused On Vldl/ldl Particlesmentioning

confidence: 59%

Sex-Specific Differences in Lipoprotein Production and Clearance

Conlon

Welty²,

Reyes‐Soffer

et al. 2023

ATVB

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“…Aging women experience decreased estrogen and increased androgen levels, which together with lifestyle changes affect overall energy metabolism and body fat redistribution. Enhanced lipolysis of visceral fat results in the production of excessive free fatty acids, which in the combination with reduced β-oxidation increases lipid synthesis ( 25 , 26 ). Moreover, in addition to lipids and fatty acids, serum concentrations of amino acids also changed with women’s age ( 27 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of serum metabolome profile with the risk of breast cancer in participants of the HUNT2 study

et al. 2023

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BackgroundThe serum metabolome is a potential source of molecular biomarkers associated with the risk of breast cancer. Here we aimed to analyze metabolites present in pre-diagnostic serum samples collected from healthy women participating in the Norwegian Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT2 study) for whom long-term information about developing breast cancer was available.MethodsWomen participating in the HUNT2 study who developed breast cancer within a 15-year follow-up period (BC cases) and age-matched women who stayed breast cancer-free were selected (n=453 case-control pairs). Using a high-resolution mass spectrometry approach 284 compounds were quantitatively analyzed, including 30 amino acids and biogenic amines, hexoses, and 253 lipids (acylcarnitines, glycerides, phosphatidylcholines, sphingolipids, and cholesteryl esters).ResultsAge was a major confounding factor responsible for a large heterogeneity in the dataset, hence age-defined subgroups were analyzed separately. The largest number of metabolites whose serum levels differentiated BC cases and controls (82 compounds) were observed in the subgroup of younger women (<45 years old). Noteworthy, increased levels of glycerides, phosphatidylcholines, and sphingolipids were associated with reduced risk of cancer in younger and middle-aged women (≤64 years old). On the other hand, increased levels of serum lipids were associated with an enhanced risk of breast cancer in older women (>64 years old). Moreover, several metabolites could be detected whose serum levels were different between BC cases diagnosed earlier (<5 years) and later (>10 years) after sample collecting, yet these compounds were also correlated with the age of participants. Current results were coherent with the results of the NMR-based metabolomics study performed in the cohort of HUNT2 participants, where increased serum levels of VLDL subfractions were associated with reduced risk of breast cancer in premenopausal women.ConclusionsChanges in metabolite levels detected in pre-diagnostic serum samples, which reflected an impaired lipid and amino acid metabolism, were associated with long-term risk of breast cancer in an age-dependent manner.

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“…Detailed information regarding the data collection methods and procedures can be found on the NHANES website ( http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/ ). In our study, we included specific serological indicators that have been shown to exhibit differences between men and women, including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, triglyceride ( 23 ), albumin ( 24 ) and uric acid ( 25 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults: from NHANES 2005–2018

Lv,

Cao,

et al. 2024

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundGender disparities in mortality have drawn great interest, with previous studies identifying various biological, social, and behavioral factors contributing to the observed gender differences. This study aims to identify the sources of gender disparities in mortality rates and quantify the extent to which these factors mediate the gender differences in all-cause mortality.MethodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2018 were analyzed. A total of 38,924 participants were included in the study. Gender information, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and baseline disease status were obtained through questionnaires. Blood samples were collected to assess serological indicators. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality were considered as primary and secondary outcomes, respectively.ResultsThe study with an average age of 50.1 ± 17.9 years. Among the participants, 50.7% were women, and 41.8% were non-Hispanic White. The median follow-up length was 87 months [Inter-Quartile Range (IQR): 47–128]. Men showed higher rates of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality compared to women in both the general population and the population with cardiovascular disease. After adjustment for potential confounders (age, race, marital status, socioeconomic status, lifestyle level, smoking status, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes and cancer), the men: women hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were 1.58 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.48–1.68] and 1.60 (95%CI:1.43–1.80) in the general population. Among individuals with cardiovascular disease, the fully adjusted HR for all-cause mortality was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.20 to 1.51), and for cardiovascular mortality, the fully adjusted HRs was 1.52 (95% CI: 1.26 to 1.83). Mediation analysis revealed that uric acid levels significantly mediated the association between gender and all-cause mortality, accounting for 17.53% (95% CI: 11.0% to 23.7%) in the general population and 27.47% (95% CI: 9.0% to 13.6%) in the population with cardiovascular disease.ConclusionsThe study highlights the complex interplay of biological and social factors contributing to gender disparities in mortality. Uric acid was identified as key mediators of the gender-mortality association. These findings can inform targeted interventions aimed at reducing gender disparities in mortality and promoting better public health outcomes.

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Evaluation and management of blood lipids through a woman's life cycle

Cited by 11 publications

References 91 publications

Sex-Specific Differences in Lipoprotein Production and Clearance

Sex-Specific Differences in Lipoprotein Production and Clearance

Association of serum metabolome profile with the risk of breast cancer in participants of the HUNT2 study

Gender differences in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults: from NHANES 2005–2018

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