Lesional patterns associated with mycobacteriosis in an <scp>A</scp>tlantic horse mackerel, <i><scp>T</scp>rachurus trachurus</i> (L.), aquarium population

Ortega, J.; Noguera, A; García-Quirós, A.; Martín, David Viana; Selva, Laura; Juan, Lucía de; Romero, Beatriz; García-Párraga, Daniel; Crespo, J L; Corpa, J. M.

doi:10.1111/jfd.12145

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The digestive transmission of M. marinum was also suggested when the digestive tract was infected in 16.5% of the horse mackerel (Ortega et al. 2014) in spite of sporadic detection of granuloma in gills. Thereby, effective control measures of mycobacteriosis in fish farm should consider the gut as a natural route of exposure to infection with M. marinum (Harriff et al.…”

Section: Epidemiology In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium marinum infection in fish and man: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management; a review

Hashish

Merwad

Elgaml

et al. 2018

Veterinary Quarterly

149

133

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Mycobacterium marinum is an opportunistic pathogen inducing infection in fresh and marine water fish. This pathogen causes necrotizing granuloma like tuberculosis, morbidity and mortality in fish. The cell wall-associated lipid phthiocerol dimycocerosates, phenolic glycolipids and ESAT-6 secretion system 1 (ESX-1) are the conserved virulence determinant of the organism. Human infections with Mycobacterium marinum hypothetically are classified into four clinical categories (type I-type IV) and have been associated with the exposure of damaged skin to polluted water from fish pools or contacting objects contaminated with infected fish. Fish mycobacteriosis is clinically manifested and characterized in man by purple painless nodules, liable to develop into superficial crusting ulceration with scar formation. Early laboratory diagnosis of M. marinum including histopathology, culture and PCR is essential and critical as the clinical response to antibiotics requires months to be attained. The pathogenicity and virulence determinants of M. marinum need to be thoroughly and comprehensively investigated and understood. In spite of accumulating information on this pathogen, the different relevant data should be compared, connected and globally compiled. This article is reviewing the epidemiology, virulence factors, diagnosis and disease management in fish while casting light on the potential associated public health hazards.

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Section: Epidemiology In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium marinum infection in fish and man: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management; a review

Hashish

Merwad

Elgaml

et al. 2018

Veterinary Quarterly

149

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The chronic inflammatory response is a non-specific reaction against a multitude of factors, such as harmful substances, bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites, particularly common in fish [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Chronic inflammation is a complex combination of immune cell action that involves mainly macrophages, epithelioid cells (ECs), fibroblasts, and piscine mast cells (MCs) usually organized as a granulomatous reaction to isolate the pathogens or foreign materials [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stages of Granulomatous Response Against Histozoic Metazoan Parasites in Mullets (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae)

Polinas

Padrós

Merella

et al. 2021

Animals

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Histozoic parasite–fish host interaction is a dynamic process that leads to the formation of a granuloma, a specific chronic inflammatory response with discernible histological features. Mullets (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) represent a suitable model concerning the development of such lesions in the host–parasite interface. The present work aimed to identify granuloma developmental stages from the early to the late phase of the infection and to characterize the immune cells and non-inflammatory components of the granuloma in different stages. For this purpose, 239 mullets were collected from 4 Sardinian lagoons, and several organs were examined by combining histopathological, bacteriological, and immunohistochemical methods. Granulomas associated with trematode metacercariae and myxozoan parasites were classified into three developmental stages: (1) pre-granuloma stage, characterized by intact encysted parasite and with no or mild tissue reaction; (2) intermediate stage, with partially degenerated parasites, necrosis, and a moderate number of epithelioid cells (ECs); and (3) late stage, with a necrotic core and no detectable parasite with a high number of ECs and fibroblasts. The three-tier staging and the proposed morphological diagnosis make it conceivable that histopathology could be an essential tool to evaluate the granulomas associated with histozoic parasitic infection in fish.

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“…() and recently also by Ortega et al . (), granulomas can be also histologically classified in distinct evolutionary stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium marinum in reared mullets: first evidence from Sardinia (Italy)

Antuofermo

Pais

Polinas

et al. 2016

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Mycobacterium marinum is a slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium, and it is considered the most common aetiologic agent of mycobacteriosis in wild and cultured fish. The diagnosis is principally made by histology when positive Ziehl-Neelsen stain granulomas are detected. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of mycobacteriosis in extensively cultured Mugilidae of two lagoons (Cabras and San Teodoro) from Sardinia by the use of histology, microbiology, PCR and DNA sequencing. Nine of 106 mullets examined were affected by mycobacteriosis, and the spleen was the most affected organ. The histology detected higher rate (100%) of infection in spleen than the culture and PCR (75% and 62.5%, respectively). The sequencing of hsp65 gene identified M. marinum as the primary cause of mycobacteriosis in the mullets examined. Mullets affected by mycobacteriosis were mainly fished in the San Teodoro lagoon characterized by critical environmental conditions. Histology remains the most common method in detecting fish affected by mycobacteriosis, and PCR-based methods are essential for species identification. Our finding are worthy of attention because mycobacteriosis caused by M. marinum in reared mullets was evidenced for the first time in Sardinia, suggesting that this disease may be underestimated also in other cultured fish species.

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Lesional patterns associated with mycobacteriosis in an Atlantic horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus (L.), aquarium population

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Mycobacterium marinum infection in fish and man: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management; a review

Mycobacterium marinum infection in fish and man: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management; a review

Stages of Granulomatous Response Against Histozoic Metazoan Parasites in Mullets (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae)

Mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium marinum in reared mullets: first evidence from Sardinia (Italy)

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