Les troubles de l’écriture dans l’aphasie

Nespoulous, Jean–Luc; Lecours, André

doi:10.7202/036751ar

Cited by 26 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Aphasia evaluation: Aphasia diagnosis was assessed in French through standard clinical evaluations (BDAE/Boston Diagnosis Aphasia Evaluation and MT Montreal Toulouse, see Goodglass, Kaplan, & Barresi, 2001;Nespoulous et al, 1992). Aphasia severity was assessed using the same clinical evaluation in L1 and in L2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language and syntactic impairment following stroke in late bilingual aphasics

Tschirren¹,

Laganaro

Michel

et al. 2011

Brain and Language

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Purpose: Bilingual aphasia generally affects both languages. However, the age of acquisition of the second language (L2) seems to play a role in the anatomo-functional correlation of the syntactical/grammatical processes, thus potentially influencing the L2 syntactic impairment following a stroke. The present study aims to analyze the influence of late age of acquisition of the L2 on syntactic impairment in bilingual aphasic patients. Methods: Twelve late bilingual participants (speaking French as L2 and either English, German, Italian or Spanish as L1) with stroke-induced aphasia participated in the study. The MAST or BAT aphasia batteries were used to evaluate overall aphasia score. An auditory syntactic judgement task was developed and used to test participants syntactic performance. Results: The overall aphasia scores did not differ between L1 and L2. In a multiple case analysis, only one patient had lower scores in L2. However, four patients presented significantly lower performances in syntactic processing in the late L2 than in their native language (L1). In these four patients the infarct was localized, either exclusively or at least partially, in the pre-rolandic region. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that, in late bilingual aphasics, syntactic judgment abilities may be more severely impaired in L2, and that this syntactic deficit is most likely to occur following anterior lesions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language and syntactic impairment following stroke in late bilingual aphasics

Tschirren¹,

Laganaro

Michel

et al. 2011

Brain and Language

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“…Spatial neglect was evaluated clinically with two simple graphic tasks, line bisection and circle counting. Language comprehension was tested by the mean of the Montréal-Toulouse β 86 battery15 16 which includes 11 designation tasks using concrete objects, actions, and short sentences (such as: “Out of four figures, point to the figure where the lady walks behind the dog”) Aphasia and neglect were scored 0, 1, or 2 depending on whether symptoms were absent, mild, or medium to severe. The lesion site was established using simple horizontal plates of CT or MRI.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random motor generation in a finger tapping task: influence of spatial contingency and of cortical and subcortical hemispheric brain lesions

Annoni

Pegna²

1997

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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Objective-To test the hypothesis that, during random motor generation, the spatial contingencies inherent to the task would induce additional preferences in normal subjects, shifting their performances farther from randomness. By contrast, perceptual or executive dysfunction could alter these task related biases in patients with brain damage. Methods-Two groups of patients, with right and left focal brain lesions, as well as 25 right handed subjects matched for age and handedness were asked to execute a random choice motor task-namely, to generate a random series of 180 button presses from a set of 10 keys placed vertically in front of them. Results-In the control group, as in the left brain lesion group, motor generation was subject to deviations from theoretical expected randomness, similar to those when numbers are generated mentally, as immediate repetitions (successive presses on the same key) are avoided. However, the distribution of button presses was also contingent on the topographic disposition of the keys: the central keys were chosen more often than those placed at extreme positions. Small distances were favoured, particularly with the left hand. These patterns were influenced by implicit strategies and task related contingencies. By contrast, right brain lesion patients with frontal involvement tended to show a more square distribution of key pressesthat is, the number of key presses tended to be more equally distributed. The strategies were also altered by brain lesions: the number of immediate repetitions was more frequent when the lesion involved the right frontal areas yielding a random generation nearer to expected theoretical randomness. The frequency of adjacent key presses was increased by right anterior and left posterior cortical as well as by right subcortical lesions, but decreased by left subcortical lesions. Conclusions-Depending on the side of the lesion and the degree of corticalsubcortical involvement, the deficits take on a diVerent aspect and direct repetions and adjacent key presses have diVerent patterns of alterations. Motor random generation is therefore a complex task which seems to necessitate the participation of numerous cerebral structures, among which those situated in the right frontal, left posterior, and subcortical regions have a predominant role.

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“…The presence of hemi-neglect was rated for all patients by combining observation of everyday behaviour with results from tests of linebisection, cancellation and copying. Language assessment was carried out with the MT-86β Aphasia Battery (Nespoulous et al, 1992). It consists of an evaluation of spontaneous speech and of subtests (naming, oral and written comprehension, repetition, and writing).…”

Section: Clinical Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual use of objects after unilateral brain damage. The technical reasoning model

Jarry

Allain

Aubin

et al. 2009

Cortex

107

110

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It has been suggested that gesture engrams, conceptual knowledge and/or the ability to infer function from structure can support object use. The present paper proposes an alternative view which is based upon the idea that object use requires solely the ability to reason about technical means provided by objects. Technical means are abstract principles which are not linked with any object representation (e.g., cutting involves the opposition between dense and permeable material). The technical reasoning model predicts that the inability to perform technical reasoning should impair performance in any situation requiring the use of objects (in a conventional way or not). Twenty left brain-damaged (LBD) patients, 11 right brain-damaged (RBD) patients and 41 healthy controls were examined on experimental tests assessing the conventional use of objects (e.g., screwing a screw with a screwdriver), conceptual knowledge about object function, pantomime of object use and recognition of object utilization gestures. We also designed the Unusual Use of Objects Test, which demands unusual applications of objects to achieve a purpose for which the usually applied object is not provided (e.g., screwing a screw with a knife). The key findings are that only LBD patients have more difficulties on the Unusual Use of Objects Test than controls or RBD patients, and that the severity of their impairment is correlated with that on conventional use of objects. Correlations with tests assessing conceptual knowledge as well as with tests of pantomime of object use and recognition of object utilization gestures were weaker. These results support the technical reasoning model and question the role of conceptual knowledge and gesture engrams in object use. Since the technical reasoning model also predicts two distinct technical disorders, the discussion focuses on the existence of these disorders in regard to individual performance profiles obtained in the Unusual Use of Objects Test.

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Les troubles de l’écriture dans l’aphasie

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Language and syntactic impairment following stroke in late bilingual aphasics

Language and syntactic impairment following stroke in late bilingual aphasics

Random motor generation in a finger tapping task: influence of spatial contingency and of cortical and subcortical hemispheric brain lesions

Unusual use of objects after unilateral brain damage. The technical reasoning model

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