Les plateformes gypseuses et les tertres de source de la région de 'Ayn al Zarqa (Syrie du Nord) (Gypseous platforms and spring mounds near 'Ayn al Zarqa (North Syria))

Besançon, Jacques; Geyer, Bernard; Muhesen, Sultan; Rousset, Marie-Odile

doi:10.3406/bagf.2000.2142

Cited by 2 publications

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“…In the semi‐arid south‐western United States (USA), mounds are associated with playas (Blinn et al, 1994; Neal & Motts, 1967), made with algal tufa and cyanobacteria (Scholl, 1960; Scholl & Taft, 1964). Some are recovered with a gypsum cap in Tunisia (Roberts & Mitchell, 1987) and in Syria (Besançon et al, 2000). The larger distribution of spring‐mounds occurs in Australia, specifically its Great Artesian Basin (Clarke et al, 2007; Harris, 1981; Ponder, 1986; Powell et al, 2015; Watts, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The internal structure of spring mounds of Nefzaoua oasis in Tunisia: Formation of an original geomorphic structure

Raddadi,

Podwojewski

2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Spring mounds are specific geomorphological landforms in arid or semi‐arid environments associated with playas and artesian springs. Spring mounds are found worldwide, especially in the great Artesian Basin of Australia and in North American and Egyptian deserts. They result from an exceptional succession of climatic, geomorphological and hydrogeological conditions, with processes that follow each other in a specific order. In Tunisia, in the arid zone, ca. 126 spring mounds have been identified in Nefzaoua province alone, especially in the oasis east of Chott el Jerid. They have a conical shape that ranges from 200 to more than 2000 m in diameter and 3–30 m tall, and their centre is hollowed out by an artesian spring of fresh water. Palm groves (Phoenix dactylifera) spread out at the foot of each mound. The springs have dried up because of the proliferation of borehole wells. Because of the low electric conductivity (EC) of the sediments (<1 mS cm−1) at their base, spring mounds have been excavated and used as a soil amendment to expand new palm plantations. This excavation allows for analysis of their internal structure, which has never been observed well. In the present study, fine analysis of sediment layers in four sections of two representative mounds showed that vegetation had trapped sediment at their base. Fine strata of variable texture alternating with variable calcium carbonate, gypsum or organic carbon contents suggest a clear limnic origin. Many redoximorphic features, sometimes associated with the presence of old roots, suggest variation in the water level in the centre of the mound. The mounds are capped by a thick layer of indurated gypsum, which helps them resist hydric and aeolian erosion. The origin of the sediment components is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a gypsum cap in Tunisia (Roberts & Mitchell, 1987) and in Syria (Besançon et al, 2000). The larger distribution of spring-mounds occurs in Australia, specifically its Great Artesian Basin (Clarke et al, 2007;Harris, 1981;Ponder, 1986;Watts, 1973).…”

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confidence: 99%

The internal structure of spring mounds of Nefzaoua oasis in Tunisia: Formation of an original geomorphic structure

Raddadi,

Podwojewski

2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Un « Très Long Mur » dans la steppe syrienne

Geyer¹,

Awad²,

Al-Dbiyat³

et al. 2010

paleo

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Dans la steppe syrienne, à l’est de Hama, a été découvert un très long mur de plus de 220 km de long, dessinant un arc de cercle tourné vers l’est. Construit en pierres sèches avec des matériaux locaux, large en moyenne de 0,8 à 1,1 m et d’une hauteur qui ne devait pas dépasser 1 m ou 1,5 m, il sépare les terres potentiellement exploitables par les sédentaires de celles dévolues principalement au pastoralisme itinérant. Considéré comme remontant à l’âge du Bronze ancien IV, il s’agirait d’un ouvrage limitatif, et non d’un ouvrage défensif, marquant la « frontière » orientale d’un des royaumes – Hama, Ebla ? – du Croissant fertile à la fi n du IIIe millénaire. Nous aurions donc là la plus ancienne matérialisation d’une limite de territoire qui soit connue à ce jour.

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Les plateformes gypseuses et les tertres de source de la région de 'Ayn al Zarqa (Syrie du Nord) (Gypseous platforms and spring mounds near 'Ayn al Zarqa (North Syria))

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

The internal structure of spring mounds of Nefzaoua oasis in Tunisia: Formation of an original geomorphic structure

The internal structure of spring mounds of Nefzaoua oasis in Tunisia: Formation of an original geomorphic structure

Un « Très Long Mur » dans la steppe syrienne

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