Les « petits boulots » : plus d'un million d'actifs en 1987

Elbaum, Mireille

doi:10.3406/estat.1987.5152

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Finally, this instability feeds recurring unemployment. Only one trainee in four and one temporary worker in three has found a steady job after a year (Cézard and Heller, 1988: 18), while 15% to 20% of insecure workers and 30% of trainees found themselves unemployed again the following year (Elbaum, 1988). We undoubtedly tend to think too exclusively of unemployment as resulting from large-scale economic redundancies which 'slim down' major firms by shedding long-standing waged employees.…”

Section: The Rise Of Social Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unhappily, the hypothesis that there is a contingent of 2 million near-permanent unemployed is not an unreasonable extrapolation -and there are certainly more than 500,000 of them (Cézard, 1986). Equally reasonable is the fear that 'restructuring production systems', as technocrats call it, depends essentially on sacrificing at least a tenth of the reduced labour force, either to unemployment or to the vicious circle of alternating unemployment and underemployment (see Elbaum, 1987;Heller, 1988;Thelot, 1988). Among the rejects is a growing number of young people: there were 200,000 young unemployed in 1981, 518,000 in 1986 (Lebaude, 1988: 87) and 600,000 in 1997; 5% of young people were on training schemes in 1985and 10% in 1988(INSEE, 1990.…”

Section: The Rise Of Social Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Roads to Disaffiliation: Insecure Work and Vulnerable Relationships

Castel

2000

Int J Urban Regional Res

126

101

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This article attempts to deal with various forms of poverty. What do the long-term unemployed, young people looking for work and on training schemes, single adults eligible for the RMI (guaranteed minimum income benefit), lone mothers, young couples crippled by the impossibility of paying bills and rent, all have in common? The author puts forward the hypothesis that they express a particular mode of dissociation from the social bond: "disaffiliation". This is a different condition of misery from that of poverty in the strict sense. The latter can perhaps be read as a state, whose forms can be listed in terms of lack (lack of earnings, of housing, of medical care, of education, lack of power or of respect). By contrast, situations of destitution constitute an effect at the place where two vectors meet: one, the axis of integration/non-integration through work; the other, an axis of integration/non-integration into a social and family network. A model of four 'zones' of social life - integration, vulnerability, assistance and disaffiliation - constructed from pre-industrial societies, may serve as a reference grid against which we can interpret contemporary social circumstances and the rise of social vulnerability. Present-day insecurity largely results from the growing fragility of protective regulations which were implemented from the nineteenth century onwards in order to create a stable situation for workers: the right to work, extended social protection, coverage of social risks set up by the welfare state. We can describe the specific nature of present-day insecurity as relating to the structure of wage society, its crisis or its disintegration since the mid-1970s. Copyright Joint Editors and Blackwell Publishers Ltd 2000.

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Section: The Rise Of Social Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Rise Of Social Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roads to Disaffiliation: Insecure Work and Vulnerable Relationships

Castel

2000

Int J Urban Regional Res

126

101

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“…Suivant une logique d'activation des dépenses passives, la contribution au développement de l'emploi versée aux EBE, d'un montant initial de 18 000 euros par équivalent temps plein (ETP), est pensée comme une réaffectation du coût du chômage de longue durée 17 . Le complément de ressources nécessaire à l'équilibre financier est censé provenir soit de la commande publique responsable, dans le cadre de « marchés connaissant un (ré)encastrement sociopolitique » (gardin, 2012, p. 74), soit d'activités interstitielles, c'est-à-dire répondant à un besoin limité, intermittent ou qu'aucun acteur public ou privé n'assure pour des raisons de rentabilité, et s'inscrivant dans le cadre des services de proximité (EmE, lavillE, 1988).…”

Section: Territoires Zéro Chômeur De Longue Durée : Une Tentative De ...unclassified

Territoires zéro chômeur de longue durée

Semenowicz,

Fretel,

Jany-Catrice

et al. 2022

travailemploi

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L’expérimentation territoires zéro chômeur de longue durée (TZC) a été introduite dans le débat public comme un « nouveau modèle » de lutte contre le chômage de longue durée. Pourtant, le projet présente dès l’origine des similitudes avec les dispositifs de l’insertion par l’activité économique (IAE). Dans quelle mesure TZC constitue-t-il une rupture avec l’IAE ? Sur la base d’une enquête de terrain menée durant trois ans sur l’un des territoires ayant expérimenté TZC, complétée par une série d’entretiens semi-directifs auprès d’acteurs nationaux du projet, nous abordons cette question sous l’angle d’une comparaison de leurs modèles socioéconomiques respectifs. Nous mettons en évidence combien l’ambition originelle du projet le positionne à distance des évolutions de l’IAE. Pour autant, l’opérationnalisation de l’expérimentation produit des formes de convergence avec cette dernière.

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L'hypothèse d'une relance des migrations

Verhaeren¹

1988

remi

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The hypothesis of a resumption of migrations Raphaël-Emmanuel VERHAEREN If we adopt the hypothesis that there could be a capitalist way out of the crisis, then the revival of job-creating investment would not contradict the logic of the continuous process of enlarged reproduction of social capital. This revival would concern more particularly those dominant social formations most interested in exercising effective control over the rate of accumulation. Given the forecasts of the stagnation, and perhaps even the decrease of the working population and its ageing in these social formations by the end of the century the additional manpower needs could probably not be satisfied without resorting to economic migrations, since there remains a substantial emigration potential in certain dominated social formations. However, the share of social capital which will be affected by the international redeployment of physical investment might also contribute to a revival elsewhere, and perhaps even in certain areas of the dominated social formations. In this case, some of these would then be likely to call on immigration from the dominant social formations of executives and highly qualified technicians. Lastly, the revival could also affect those social formations which lack both simple and complex labour power, towards which migrations from dominant and dominated areas would converge.

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Les « petits boulots » : plus d'un million d'actifs en 1987

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The Roads to Disaffiliation: Insecure Work and Vulnerable Relationships

The Roads to Disaffiliation: Insecure Work and Vulnerable Relationships

Territoires zéro chômeur de longue durée

L'hypothèse d'une relance des migrations

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