Les perchlorates et l’action lyotrope (III)

Durand-Gasselin, A.; Duclaux, J.

doi:10.1051/jcp/1940370089

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Frankfurter and Frary (8) first reported the salting-out power of KF and K2C03 for alcohols. Early correlations have been in terms of lyotropic series (3)(4)(5)(6). Fogg (7) established the effect of dissolved salts on the relative volatilities of mixtures of ethylene glycol and water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ternary Systems: Water-Acetonitrile-Salts.

Renard¹,

Oberg²

1965

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ternary Systems: Water-Acetonitrile-Salts.

Renard¹,

Oberg²

1965

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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“…CO 2 (mass 44) and alcohol (mass 31) evolution could be explained by a mechanism analogous to the nucleophilic attack of CH 3 − carbanions on the carbon atom in ethylene oxide shown in scheme 1(e), analogous to the nucleophilic attack of OH − anion on the carbon atom in EC described by Aurbach. 31 Thus, we hypothesize that the carbanion produced by the TMB oxidation (scheme 1(a)) decomposes the carbonate solvents of the electrolyte through a similar mechanism, resulting in the formation of CO 2 and propanol (scheme 1(e)).…”

Section: Lcp Impedance Vs Cycle Number-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anodic Decomposition of Trimethylboroxine as Additive for High Voltage Li-Ion Batteries

Freiberg

Metzger

Haering

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Trimethylboroxine (TMB) is used as an additive in the electrolyte for improving the performance of LiCoPO 4 (LCP) in Li-ion batteries. In this work, the role and behavior of TMB are investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and on line electrochemical mass spectroscopy (OEMS). It was found that TMB oxidizes from 4.6 V and a low amount in the electrolyte is necessary to obtain good performance. On one hand, its oxidation produces boron trifluoride (BF 3 ), phosphorylfluoride (POF 3 ) and carbanion (CH 3 -) linked to a huge increase in impedance. Based on these results, a complete oxidation mechanism is proposed. The catalytic effect of the TMB decomposition products on carbonate polymerization could enhance the performance of LCP. On the other hand, an unexplained water and/or HF release was detected. Further experiments need to be done. Rechargeable lithium batteries were first developed with lithium metal as a negative electrode (anode) and several positive electrode (cathode) materials like Li/MnO 2 1 or Li/LiTiS 2 . 2 Due to safety issues related to dendrite formation with lithium metal anode, the first Li-ion batteries were commercialized by Sony in 1991 using graphite anodes.3 Later on, layered-oxide based cathode materials like LiCoO 2 were developed, which have specific capacities and specific energies of ≈170 mAh/g LiCoO2 and ≈600 mWh/g LiCoO2 , respectively. In order to improve battery safety, cost and energy density, recent research has focused on new electrode materials. On the cathode side, numerous spinel structure materials were tested and showed good electrochemical performance. 4 In 1997, phospho-olivine cathode materials of the general formula LiMPO 4 (M = 3d-transition metal) emerged with the discovery of LiFePO 4 (LFP) by Goodenough's group, 5 which generally have more safety characteristics due to the strong P-O bond preventing O 2 release at high potential/temperature (problematic with layered oxides). So far, more than 1200 patents have been filed for phospho-olivines.6 LFP has a theoretical specific capacity of 171 mAh/g LFP and the oxidation from Fe II to Fe III takes place at 3.45 V, resulting in a specific energy of ≈590 mWh/g LFP . While offering improved safety, its specific energy is very similar to LiCoO 2 , so that with respect to energy density, LFP offers no improvement over LiCoO 2 .One approach toward improved energy density required for electric vehicle applications would be the use of LiCoPO 4 (LCP) cathode material, which promises a theoretical specific energy of ≈800 mWh/g LCP based on a charge/discharge voltage of ≈4.85 V vs. Li/Li + and a theoretical specific capacity of 167 mAh/g LCP . 7,8 However, the reported electrochemical performance of LCP, synthesized by many different routes, does not reach the theoretical specific capacity, shows low coulombic efficiency, and exhibits poor cycling stability. For example, Ni et al.9 synthetized carbon-coated LCP material by a sol gel route which gave a specific capacity of 131 mAh/g LCP at 0.1 C in the...

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Physikalische Chemie

Eichler¹

1950

Die Pharmakologie Anorganischer Anionen

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Les perchlorates et l’action lyotrope (III)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Ternary Systems: Water-Acetonitrile-Salts.

Ternary Systems: Water-Acetonitrile-Salts.

Anodic Decomposition of Trimethylboroxine as Additive for High Voltage Li-Ion Batteries

Physikalische Chemie

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