“…First, PAs are more natural than the average (Joppa and Pfaff, 2011), which allows nearby inhabitants to have more opportunities to experience nature than other people do. Second, as PAs' governance systems are particularly dedicated to biodiversity (UNEP-WCMC, IUCN and NGS, 2018), inhabitants can be in contact with ecological information through education initiatives of PAs (e.g., signs, activities, conferences, green tourism (Cetas and Yasué, 2017;Laurens, 1995)). Hence, PAs inhabitants and neighbours can be directly affected by PAs, for instance by being more exposed to pro-biodiversity discourses in their daily lives than other people are; we refer to this effect in the manuscript by "PAs' institutional context".…”