Leptospirosis en niños de la Provincia de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

Hernández, Miguel Suárez; Sánchez, Raydel Martínez; Fernández, Pedro Posada; Aguila, José Bustelo; Nodal, Olga Carrera; Fleite, Fernando Bravo; García, Ignacio Vidal; Sibello, Antonio Sánchez

doi:10.1590/s0037-86821999000200005

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In this sense, it is more often heard of cases initially diagnosed with several different diseases, and only after several studies they were then diagnosed as leptospirosis [10,16]. These facts would be unimportant if the disease were self-limited and innocuous; however, leptospirosis is an infection that entails a high risk of death if it is not timely diagnosed and treated.…”

Section: Discussiomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fatal Leptospirosis Case in Pediatric Patient: Clinical Case

García¹,

Cruz²,

Lugo³

et al. 2013

OJMM

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Section: Discussiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is especially true when we consider child population and diseases such as viral hepatitis, which presents an initial clinical frame very similar to acute leptospirosis [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Leptospirosis Case in Pediatric Patient: Clinical Case

García¹,

Cruz²,

Lugo³

et al. 2013

OJMM

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“…The existing data also suggest that the case-fatality rate of leptospirosis is lower in children and adolescents than in adults and higher in the elderly than in younger adults 3,18 . There is a lack of studies, however, developed specifically to compare the prognosis of leptospirosis between patients of different age groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of the in-hospital case-fatality rate of leptospirosis between pediatric and adult patients of different age groups

Lopes

Costa

et al. 2004

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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The main objective was to compare the in-hospital case-fatality rate of leptospirosis between pediatric (< 19 years) and adult (>19 years) patients, taking into account gender, renal function, duration of symptoms and jaundice. Medical records of 1016 patients were reviewed. Comparative analysis was restricted to 840 patients (100 pediatric, 740 adults) with recorded information on the variables included in the analysis. Among these patients 81.7% were male and 91.5% were icteric. The case-fatality rate of leptospirosis was 14.4%. The odds of death adjusted for gender, jaundice, duration of symptoms, serum urea and serum creatinine were almost four times higher for the adult than for the pediatric group (odds ratio (OR) = 3.94; 95% confidence interval = 1.19-13.03, p = 0.029). Among adults, increased age was also significantly and independently associated with increased risk of death (p < 0.01). Older patients were also more often treated by dialysis. In conclusion, the data suggest that the in-hospital case fatality rate of leptospirosis is higher for adults than for children and adolescents, even after taking into account the effects of several potential risk factors of death. Among adults, older age was also strongly and independently associated with higher risk of death.

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“…According to studies previously conducted in Thailand, various leptospiral serovars, including Autumnalis, Australis, Bataviae, Bratislava, Canicola, Copenhageni, Grippotyphosa, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Javanica, Mini, Pomona, Sejroe, Shermani, and Tarassovi have been shown to have high seroprevalence in dogs; moreover, these serovars also have been described as the predominant circulating serovars found in humans in Thailand [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Previous reports demonstrate that dogs may spread and increase the probability of human infection with the circulating serovars, where dogs and humans share the same areas and environment [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Antibody Detection for Canine Leptospirosis: ELISAs Modified Using Local Leptospiral Serovar Isolates from Asymptomatic Dogs

Boonciew,

Saisongkorh,

Brameld

et al. 2024

Animals

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Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of significant concern for human and animal health, with domestic animals, including dogs, acting as reservoirs for human infection. Serology is widely used for leptospirosis diagnosis, even though the standard microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using a panel of serovars lacks specificity and can lead to detection limitations in certain regions. In this study, we aimed to develop an antibody detection tool for dogs using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a set of local serovar isolates, including Paidjan, Dadas, and Mini, to enhance the accuracy of leptospirosis surveillance in our region. The specificity and sensitivity of various antigen preparations, namely leptospiral whole-cell protein (WCP), total membrane protein (TMP), and outer membrane protein (OMP), were assessed using sera from infected and non-infected dogs, as well as negative puppy sera. Leptospirosis diagnosis was supported using a genus-specific nested polymerase chain reaction test on all collected sera. Protein preparations were validated using SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis. In the results, the standard MAT failed to detect antibodies in any of the dogs confirmed as being infected using PCR and isolation, highlighting its limitations. In contrast, the OMP-based ELISAs using local isolates of Leptospira serovars gave positive results with sera from all infected dogs, and negative results with sera from all dogs from non-endemic areas. IgG titres of infected and unvaccinated dogs from endemically affected areas were significantly higher than those in non-endemic regions. Using the OMP-based IgG/ELISAs with the local serovar Dadas resulted in higher specificity and lower sensitivity than when using the WCP- and TMP-based IgG/ELISAs. Agreement analysis revealed fair and moderate concordance between OMP-based IgG/ELISAs and PCR results, whereas slight and fair agreement was observed between OMP-based ELISAs and the MAT. Overall, the modified OMP-based IgG/ELISAs, utilising relevant local serovar isolates from dogs, demonstrated improved accuracy in detecting leptospirosis in the study area, overcoming the limitations of the MAT. This study highlights the importance of identifying and incorporating these local circulating serovar isolates into serological techniques for leptospirosis diagnosis and surveillance.

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Leptospirosis en niños de la Provincia de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Fatal Leptospirosis Case in Pediatric Patient: Clinical Case

Fatal Leptospirosis Case in Pediatric Patient: Clinical Case

Comparative study of the in-hospital case-fatality rate of leptospirosis between pediatric and adult patients of different age groups

Improved Antibody Detection for Canine Leptospirosis: ELISAs Modified Using Local Leptospiral Serovar Isolates from Asymptomatic Dogs

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