Leptin in gastroprotection induced by cholecystokinin or by a meal. Role of vagal and sensory nerves and nitric oxide

Brzozowski, Tomasz; Konturek, Peter C.; Konturek, Stanisław J.; Pajdo, Robert; Duda, Aleksandra; Pierzchalski, Piotr; Bielański, Władysław; Hahn, Eckhart G.

doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00314-3

Cited by 69 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It has been shown by microelectrode recording that direct application of leptin into the stomach leads to neuronal activities in the brainstem of rodents (Yuan et al 1999), possibly through vagal fibres projecting from the stomach to the caudal part of the brainstem. Furthermore, gastric application of leptin has been shown to reduce pepsin secretion and gastric acid production in rats (Brzozowski et al 1999). However, interaction with gastric peptides as described for cholecystokinin and ghrelin seems not to be the only target of gastrointestinal leptin action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, interaction with gastric peptides as described for cholecystokinin and ghrelin seems not to be the only target of gastrointestinal leptin action. Moreover leptin seems to have a strong gastroprotective function (Brzozowski et al 1999, Konturek et al 1999a, either by inducing proliferation of the gastric mucosa itself or via up-regulation of further growth factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential distribution and expression of leptin and the functional leptin receptor in major salivary glands of humans

Bohlender¹,

Rauh²,

Zenk³

et al. 2003

Journal of Endocrinology

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Leptin plays a central role in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure in rodents. However, it has become clear that this hormone has more than only a satiety-inducing function, and that there are other sources of leptin, such as the central nervous system, placenta and the gastrointestinal tract in addition to adipose tissue. Knowing about the important role of the salivary glands in food intake and digestion, it was the objective of the present study to investigate how leptin and its receptor are expressed and distributed in the major salivary glands of humans. We found leptin distributed throughout the major salivary glands with obvious intracellular concentrations in granula. In contrast, immunostaining for the leptin receptor was found exclusively in the membranes of the glandular cells. A high density of the leptin receptor was localised in the epithelia of the duct lumen. PCR analysis proved the autonomous expression of leptin by the salivary glands independently from adipocytes. Accordingly the long receptor isoform was expressed by any examined tissue. In the light of recent findings of leptin influencing the growth of rodent salivary glands, the presence and distribution of leptin and its receptor suggests an autocrine role of salivary leptin within the glands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential distribution and expression of leptin and the functional leptin receptor in major salivary glands of humans

Bohlender¹,

Rauh²,

Zenk³

et al. 2003

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…In calves receiving milk replacer based on skimmed milk powder, plasma concentrations of gastrin decreased from 1 to 3 weeks of age, but this is reversed for CCK (Guilloteau et al 1992a(Guilloteau et al ,b, 1997; after weaning, the basal and stimulated plasma concentrations of these two peptides increased (Toullec et al 1992). Moreover, it is suggested that CCK may modulate gastric leptin expression and secretion in pre-weaning milk-fed calves (Yonekura et al 2002) as well as in rats (Brzozowski et al 1999). Inversely, duodenal leptin stimulates CCK secretion and there is evidence for a positive leptin -CCK feedback loop (Guilmeau et al 2003).…”

Section: Factors Regulating Gastrin and Cholecystokinin Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrin, cholecystokinin and gastrointestinal tract functions in mammals

et al. 2006

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The aim of the present review is to synthesise and summarise our recent knowledge on the involvement of cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin peptides and their receptors in the control of digestive functions and more generally their role in the field of nutrition in mammals. First, we examined the release of these peptides from the gut, focusing on their molecular forms, the factors regulating their release and the signalling pathways mediating their effects. Second, general physiological effects of CCK and gastrin peptides are described with regard to their specific receptors and the role of CCK on vagal mucosal afferent nerve activities. Local effects of CCK and gastrin in the gut are also reported, including gut development, gastrointestinal motility and control of pancreatic functions through vagal afferent pathways, including NO. Third, some examples of the intervention of the CCK and gastrin peptides are exposed in diseases, taking into account intervention of the classical receptor subtypes (CCK 1 and CCK 2 receptors) and their heterodimerisation as well as CCK-C receptor subtype. Finally, applications and future challenges are suggested in the nutritional field (performances) and in therapy with regards to the molecular forms or in relation with the type of receptor as well as new techniques to be utilised in detection or in therapy of disease. In conclusion, the present review underlines recent developments in this field: CCK and gastrin peptides and their receptors are the key factor of nutritional aspects; a better understanding of the mechanisms involved may increase the efficiency of the nutritional functions and the treatment of abnormalities under pathological conditions.

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“…The effect of NO is at least partially mediated by an increase in cGMP content, and cGMP is normally broken down rapidly by PDE-5. In addition, NO acts as an endogenous mediator of the gastroprotective effect of different anti-ulcer agents (Brzozowski et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of sildenafil against cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer in Wistar rats

Elberry¹

2013

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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The aim of the current study was to investigate the possible protective effect of sildenafil (SIL) on cysteamine induced peptic ulcer in Wistar rats. Rats were randomly divided into five groups; six animals each. Normal control group; in which animals received an aqueous solution of Tween 80 (1 ml/kg) as a vehicle, two doses orally at an interval of 4 h. SIL group, in which animals received 25 mg/kg SIL orally 30 min before vehicle administration. Cysteamine group; in which duodenal ulceration was induced by two oral doses of cysteamine-HCl (450 mg/kg in 10% aqueous solution) at an interval of 4 h. Cysteamine+omepeazole group; in which animals were pretreated with 20 mg/kg omeprazole orally 30 min before cysteamine. Cysteamine+SIL group; in which animals were pretreated with 25 mg/kg SIL orally, 30 min before cysteamine. Twenty-four hours after the last dose of vehicle or cysteamine, rats were euthanized and the duodena were removed to determine the number of ulcers, ulcer surface area, ulcer score and ulcer index as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), myeloperoxidase (MPO), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in tissue homogenates referring to the malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). The results of the present study showed that SIL treatment decreased the number of ulcers, the ulcer surface area, the ulcer score and the ulcer index in the cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer. Moreover, SIL ameliorated the biochemical changes that were induced by cysteamine. In conclusion, SIL attenuates experimentally induced peptic ulceration using cysteamine partially through induction of nitrogen oxide (NO) and antioxidant effect which may be useful in the treatment of cystinosis.

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Leptin in gastroprotection induced by cholecystokinin or by a meal. Role of vagal and sensory nerves and nitric oxide

Cited by 69 publications

References 37 publications

Differential distribution and expression of leptin and the functional leptin receptor in major salivary glands of humans

Differential distribution and expression of leptin and the functional leptin receptor in major salivary glands of humans

Gastrin, cholecystokinin and gastrointestinal tract functions in mammals

Protective effect of sildenafil against cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer in Wistar rats

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