Leptin administration increases small intestinal response to cholecystokinin in leptin-deficient obese mice

Kiely, James M.; Graewin, Shannon J.; Pitt, Henry A.; Swartz-Basile, Deborah A.

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2004.07.203

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Barrenetxe and coworkers [11] have demonstrated the presence of the long leptin receptor isoform in the brush border, basolateral membrane and cytoplasm of enterocytes from rat, mouse, and human small intestine. Leptin increases the duodenal secretion of cholecystokinin and acts on vagal mechanoreceptors in the regulation of small intestinal motility [12]. Systemic leptin administration enhances mucosal mass and absorptive function in normal rat intestine [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of leptin on intestinal recovery following ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat

et al. 2007

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Recent evidence suggests that the adipose tissue derived cytokine leptin (LEP) is involved in the modulation of growth and differentiation of normal small intestine. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of leptin on enterocyte turnover and intestinal recovery after ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in a rat. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experimental groups: (1) sham rats underwent laparotomy, (2) IR-rats underwent occlusion of both superior mesenteric artery and portal vein for 30 min followed by 24 h of reperfusion, and (3) IR-LEP rats underwent IR and were treated with leptin given subcutaneously at a dose of 50 microg/kg once a day for 48 h before and 24 h following IR. Intestinal structural changes, enterocyte proliferation and enterocyte apoptosis were determined 24 h following IR. A non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Treatment with leptin resulted in a significant increase in bowel weight in ileum, mucosal weight in jejunum and ileum, mucosal DNA content in ileum, mucosal protein content in jejunum and ileum, villus height in jejunum and ileum, and crypt depth in jejunum compared to IR-animals. IR-LEP rats also had a significantly lower intestinal injury score as well as lower apoptotic index and higher cell proliferation index in jejunum and ileum compared to the IR-animals. In conclusion, pre-treatment with leptin prevents gut mucosal damage and improves intestinal rehabilitation following intestinal IR in a rat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of leptin on intestinal recovery following ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat

et al. 2007

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“…The present study comprises one in a series of studies examining the role of leptin in the intestine and during the process of intestinal adaptation [17,27,28]. To be compatible with these studies and to have a complete data set, we therefore chose the single 48-hour time-point.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered small intestinal absorptive enzyme activities in leptin-deficient obese mice: influence of bowel resection

Kiely

Noh

Svatek

et al. 2006

Journal of Pediatric Surgery

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“…Moreover, exogenous administration of recombinant human leptin in doses sufficient to achieve physiological and pharmacological leptin levels does not regulate PYY in the short term, suggesting that, similar to our previous findings on the lack of regulation of ghrelin by leptin [14], the adipocyte-derived leptin and the gut-derived PYY systems act independently of each other. The question of whether leptin alters the response to PYY, as it does for the intestinal response to cholecystokinin in leptin-deficient mice [15], and/or whether more long-term administration of leptin alters either the PYY levels or the PYY response, requires further evaluation. Short-term gut-derived appetite signals such as PYY and long-term adipostatic signals such as leptin may play different roles in the complex system of energy homeostasis that tightly defends body weight over the long term despite short-term variations in food intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide YY levels are decreased by fasting and elevated following caloric intake but are not regulated by leptin

et al. 2005

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Aims/hypothesis: Peptide YY (PYY) is a gutderived hormone that has been shown to reduce short-term food intake in animals and humans. It has been proposed that deficiency of PYY contributes to obesity in humans. However, the physiology of PYY regulation by factors such as caloric restriction, or by other molecules important in energy homeostasis, e.g. leptin, remains to be fully elucidated. Materials and methods: We evaluated the effect on PYY levels of: (1) caloric ingestion (a mixed meal) in five healthy normal-weight subjects; (2) fasting for 2 or 3 days in eight lean men and seven lean women respectively; and (3) recombinant human leptin administration at physiological replacement and pharmacological doses. Results: PYY levels increased 50% after a mixed meal (p=0.01), and shortterm complete fasting for 2 or 3 days decreased leptin and PYY levels to 20-30% and 40-60% of baseline, respectively (both p<0.05). However, recombinant human leptin administration at physiological doses to restore the fasting-induced decrease of leptin levels and at pharmacological doses over the short term had no effect on PYY levels. Conclusions/interpretation: PYY increases after meal ingestion and decreases after fasting in a manner consistent with a meal-related signal of energy homeostasis. Importantly, circulating levels of this gut-secreted molecule are independent of regulation by leptin over the short term. These findings contribute towards our understanding of the homeostatic systems that regulate appetite in humans, including the possible redundancy of gastrointestinally secreted and adipocyte-secreted signals. This may be of importance for the future development of medications to treat obesity.

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Leptin administration increases small intestinal response to cholecystokinin in leptin-deficient obese mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of leptin on intestinal recovery following ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat

The effect of leptin on intestinal recovery following ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat

Altered small intestinal absorptive enzyme activities in leptin-deficient obese mice: influence of bowel resection

Peptide YY levels are decreased by fasting and elevated following caloric intake but are not regulated by leptin

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