Altered small intestinal absorptive enzyme activities in leptin-deficient obese mice: influence of bowel resection

Kiely, James M.; Noh, Jae Hyung; Svatek, Carol L.; Pitt, Henry A.; Swartz-Basile, Deborah A.

doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.03.047

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Disaccharidases are directly involved in supplying energy to the organism; thus, any increase in sucrase and maltase activity could mean an increase in glucose absorption, and more energy sources could be available for maintenance functions and growth. In rats, these enzymes can increase in obese individuals (Kiely et al 2006) and can be linked to diabetes mellitus (Liu et al 2011). In this context, Matsui et al (2004) evaluated the antidiabetic effects of propolis and showed that propolis extracts decreased the a-glucosidase activity Á particularly maltase Á which these authors attributed to 3,4,5 tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid, which is in disagreement of this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Intestinal morphology and activity of digestive enzymes in broilers fed crude propolis

et al. 2014

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. 2014. Intestinal morphology and activity of digestive enzymes in broilers fed crude propolis. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 105Á114. Propolis is a resin produced by bees that has been investigated for its potential to increase the performance of broiler chickens. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of crude propolis in the diets of broiler chickens from 1 to 21 d of age. A total of 1020 male chicks were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design into six treatments (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm of crude propolis), with five replications, and 34 birds per experimental unit. The experimental diets were provided from 1 to 21 d of age and subsequently (from 22 to 42 d of age) the birds were fed a nutritionally complete ration based on corn and soybean meal. All supplemented groups showed similar growth performance in all growth phases (P!0.05); however, there was a linear increase in carcass yield at 42 d of age according to increase in crude propolis inclusion from 1 to 21 d of age (PB0.05). At 7 d of age, relative weight of the gizzard increased linearly (PB0.05) with increasing propolis, and at 21 d of age, relative weight of the large intestine showed a quadratic (P B0.05) response, with the lowest value predicted to occur at 278 ppm of crude propolis. The ileum crypt depth at 21 d of age was affected by propolis, with a quadratic response (P B0.05) and highest value estimated at 323 ppm. At 21 d of age, sucrase activity in the jejunum increased linearly with increasing propolis and maltase activity in the ileum showed a quadratic (PB0.05) response, which predicted highest activity at 292 ppm. Amylase activity was lower in animals supplemented with 100 and 400 ppm of propolis at 21 d of age (PB0.05) compared with the control group. Thus, the crude propolis supplementation is not recommended in broiler diets from 1 to 21 d old given that it does not influence the performance, despite small changes in intestinal morphophysiology at 21 d of age.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Intestinal morphology and activity of digestive enzymes in broilers fed crude propolis

et al. 2014

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“…It has been observed that the genetically obese (ob/ob) mice have lower aminopeptidase and DPPIV activities compared with lean littermates (28). On the opposite, HFD and insulin deficiency (induced by streptozotocin treatment) in rat increased DPPIV expression and activity in the intestine (62).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbed intestinal nitrogen homeostasis in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance

Huong

Hindlet

Waligora‐Dupriet

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Previous studies demonstrated that PEPT1 expression and function in jejunum are reduced in diabetes and obesity, suggesting a nitrogen malabsorption from the diet. Surprisingly, we reported here a decrease in gut nitrogen excretion in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and further investigated the mechanisms that could explain this apparent contradiction. Upon HFD, mice exhibited an increased concentration of free amino acids (AAs) in the portal vein (60%) along with a selective increase in the expression of two AA transporters (Slc6a20a, Slc36a1), pointing to a specific and adaptive absorption of some AAs. A delayed transit time (ϩ40%) and an increased intestinal permeability (ϩ80%) also contribute to the increase in nitrogen absorption. Besides, HFD mice exhibited a 2.2-fold decrease in fecal DNA resulting from a reduction in nitrogen catabolism from cell desquamation and/or in the intestinal microbiota. Indeed, major quantitative (2.5-fold reduction) and qualitative alterations of intestinal microbiota were observed in feces of HFD mice. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that both increased AA transporters, intestinal permeability and transit time, and changes in gut microbiota are involved in the increased circulating AA levels. Modifications in nitrogen homeostasis provide a new insight in HFD-induced obesity and glucose intolerance; however, whether these modifications are beneficial or detrimental for the HFD-associated metabolic complications remains an open issue.

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“…However, disturbances in small intestinal motility, 4 though not confirmed in other studies, 5 and an elevated rate of nutrient uptake in the proximal intestine 5 have been reported in obesity. Genetically obese mice show increased intestinal permeability, 6 sucrase activity 7 and absorptive capacity 8 compared with their lean littermates. These factors introduce concern that the use of urinary sugars as biomarkers of intake in obese individuals may not be valid due to the fact that absorption and hence excretion is increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary sucrose and fructose as biomarkers of sugar consumption: comparison of normal weight and obese volunteers

et al. 2008

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Using urinary sugars as a biomarker of consumption, we have previously shown that obese people consume significantly more sugars than individuals of normal weight. However, there is concern that recovery of this biomarker may differ between normal weight and obese individuals. A total of 19 subjects, divided into two groups according to their body mass index (BMI) (normal weight BMIp25 kg/m 2 , n ¼ 10; obese BMIX30 kg/m 2 , n ¼ 9), participated in a randomized crossover dietary intervention study of three diets providing 13, 30 and 50% of energy from sugars for 4 days each while living in a volunteer suite. The mean urinary sucrose and fructose excretions in 24-h urine increased with increasing sugar consumption over the three dietary periods in both BMI groups and were significantly different between the diets (Po0.01). There was no significant interaction effect of BMI class on the mean urinary excretions of these sugars with different sugar intakes, either as absolute values or expressed as a percentage of total sugar intake. In conclusion, BMI does not affect the validity of sucrose and fructose excretions in 24-h urine collections used as biomarkers to estimate total sugar consumption.

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Altered small intestinal absorptive enzyme activities in leptin-deficient obese mice: influence of bowel resection

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Intestinal morphology and activity of digestive enzymes in broilers fed crude propolis

Intestinal morphology and activity of digestive enzymes in broilers fed crude propolis

Disturbed intestinal nitrogen homeostasis in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance

Urinary sucrose and fructose as biomarkers of sugar consumption: comparison of normal weight and obese volunteers

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