Lepidine B & E as New Target Inhibitors from Lepidium Sativum Seeds Against Four Enzymes of the Pathogen Candida albicans: In Vitro and In Silico Studies

Abstract

Background and Objective: The present paper aims to study the inhibition of Candida albicans growth as candidiasis treatment, using seeds of Lepidium sativum as source. Methods: In vitro assays were carried out on the antifungal activity of three kinds of extracts from L. sativum seeds against four strains of C. albicans, then testing the same phytochemicals on the inhibition of Lipase (LCR). A new in silico study was achieved using molecular docking, with Autodock vina program, to find binding affinity of two important and major lepidine alkaloids (lepidine E and B) towards the four enzymes secreted by C. albicans as target drugs, responsible of vitality and virulence of this yeast cells: Lipase, Serine/threonine phosphatase, Phosphomannose isomerase and Sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51). Results: The results of the microdillution assay show that the hexanic and alkaloidal extracts have an antifungal activity with MICs: 2.25 mg/ml and 4.5mg/ml, respectively. However, Candida rugosa lipase assay gives a remarkable IC50 values for the hexanic extract (1.42± 0.04 mg/ml) followed by 1.7± 0.1 and 2.29 ± 0.09 mg/ml of ethyl acetate and alkaloidal extracts respectively. The molecular docking confirms a significant correlation between C. albicans growth and inhibition of crucial enzymes involved in the invasion mechanism and cellular metabolisms, for the first time there were an interesting and new positive results on binding modes of lepidine E and B on the four studied enzymes. Conclusion: Through this work, we propose Lepidine B & E as potent antifungal drugs.

Nutraceutical Profiling, Bioactive Composition, and Biological Applications of Lepidium sativum L.

“…Gacemi et al [ 121 ] reported the antifungal activity of lepidines B and E and compounds present in seeds of L. sativum against of C. albicans . The seed oil of L. sativum possesses antifungal and antibacterial activity against S. aureus , B. subtilis , P.aeruginosa , E. coli , Salmonella enterica , and C. albicans.…”

“…The seed oil of L. sativum possesses antifungal and antibacterial activity against S. aureus , B. subtilis , P.aeruginosa , E. coli , Salmonella enterica , and C. albicans. The essential oil extracted by clevenger type apparatus from seeds of L. sativum showed the best activity at 1 mg/mL of concentration against S. aureus (15.57 ± 0.46 mm ZI), B. cereus (13.12 ± 1.16 mm ZI), E. coli (9.78 ± 065 mm ZI), and K. pneumoniae (8.17 ± 0.32 mm ZI) by disc diffusion assay [ 121 ].…”

Hispidin and Lepidine E: Two Natural Compounds and Folic Acid as Potential Inhibitors of 2019-novel Coronavirus Main Protease (2019-nCoVMpro), Molecular Docking and SAR Study

“…Lepidine B and E are major compounds with 1.1% and 0.88 % respectively. In a previous study, it has proved that Lepidine B and E have antimicrobial activity [30].…”