Length of the cleft in relation to the incidence of hypodontia of the second premolar and to inheritance of cleft lip and palate in children with isolated cleft palate

Abstract

We studied severity of the isolated cleft palate expressed as the length of the cleft in relation to hypodontia in the second premolar regions and known inheritance of any type of cleft lip and palate. The material consisted of 47 children at 10 years of age born with non-syndromic isolated cleft palate of varying extent, who all had hypodontia of at least one second premolar, and had panoramic radiographs taken at 10 years of age. Information about length of cleft and inheritance of cleft lip and palate was collected from surgical files initiated at birth. The higher the number of missing second premolars, the more extended was the length of the cleft. More children had hypodontia of the second premolar in the mandible than in the maxilla. The family history had little influence on the length of the cleft.

Prevalence of second premolar hypodontia in the Polish cleft lip and palate population

“…Other authors observed a gradual increase in the frequency of hypodontia in cleft-affected groups, along with the severity of the cleft [16–18]. This finding is consistent with our results, with the CLA group (11.7%) being the least affected, and the BCLP group (21.6%) the most (Table 3).…”

Early postnatal development of the mandibular permanent first molar in infants with isolated cleft palate

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Furthermore, several studies have shown that agenesis of teeth and microdontia are more common in subjects with cleft lip and palate, than in normal subjects; not only in the maxillary incisor region in proximity to the cleft in the lip and alveolus but also in other regions including mandibular premolars and molars. [10][11][12][13][14] Reduced size of permanent teeth in children with cleft lip and palate based on measurements on dental casts has repeatedly been reported in the literature. 10,[15][16][17] Walker et al 17 found reduced tooth size in both jaws in subjects with cleft palate + ⁄ ) cleft lip, with the smallest teeth being found in the isolated cleft palate (ICP) group.…”

Dental Development of Chinese Children with Cleft Lip and Palate

“…However, one investigator who studied second premolars in CLP claimed that hypodontia, delayed mineralization, and asymmetrical development were the results of the same etiological factors and that the delayed formation of the second premolars was merely a mild form of hypodontia (Ranta, 1983). Moreover, Karsten et al (2005) found that the higher the number of missing second premolars, the greater the length of the cleft was extended. Therefore, clefting may be part of a complex malformation associated with other dental anomalies resulting from disturbed development of the dentition, because patients with clefts are also likely to present other deficiencies of dental development and tooth eruption (Stahl et al, 2006).…”