Leishmaniose visceral adquirida no Estado de São Paulo (Brasil)

Neto, Vicente Amato; Filho, Fermin Blanco

doi:10.1590/s0034-89101981000600007

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…chagasi seems to be increasing significantly, since half of these cases were notified in the 1979-1983 period. New foci have appeared in areas like Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Mato Grosso States (Amato-Neto and Blanco -Filho, 1981;Iversson et al, 1983;Rego et al, 1983;Marzochi et al, 1985;Coutinho et al, 1985) and in the suburban zones of Sao Luis Island and Teresina city (Castro et al, 1983;Silva et al, 1983). Thus, the level of endemicity seems to be sufficiently high due to the occurrence of cases in suburban zones, expressing a factor which has favoured an increase of the human cases and, consequently, changed the epidemiological feature of the visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil (Table 2).…”

Section: Human Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

American leishmaniasis epidemiology in Brazil

Gomes

1986

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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We have tried to demonstrate in this paper that visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are a great public health problem in Brazil. In relation to visceral leishmaniasis, the recognition of new foci denotes the increasing spread of endemic areas, but the areas of highest importance are located mainly at the northeastern region. It calls attention to its suburban character in cities like Sao Luis, Teresina and Rio de Janeiro. L. longipalpis is the only vector known for the disease in domiciliary environment. The dog constitutes the main source for L.d. chagasi, while canids such as Dusicyon velulus and Cerdocyon thous have epidemiological roles. Other vectors for this parasite remain yet as unknown in the enzootic and sylvatic cycles.Cutaneous leishmaniasis have a distribution in almost all the States of Brazil and, at least, two epidemiological patterns exist. The first, corresponds to the classic form of man entering in contact with the agent in virgin forests, like the Amazonian forest and so, there is a permanent risk for epidemics. The second, refers to the occurrence of this disease in areas after forest devastation as in the State of Sao Paulo and in other southeastern States. There are three nosological entities for the cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, their agents being L.m. amazonensis, L. guyanensis and L.b. braziliensis. Five sandfly species have been incriminated as the main vectors in the transmission of the disease in different localities. They are P. flaviscutellatus, P. umbratilis, P. welcomei, P. whitmani and P. intermedius. As for the main natural reservoir of cutaneous leishmaniasis, it remains unknown the one relative to L.b. braziliensis.Resume-Au cours de nos travaux sur la leishmaniose viscerale et cutanee, il devient evident qu'elles representent un grand probleme de sante publique au Bresil nonobstant que se vraie prevalence soit encore ignoree.En ce qui concerne a la leishmaniose viscerale, la decouverte de nouveaux foyers denote l'acroissement de la distributions des surfaces endemiques. Cependant, les plus considerables se trouvent, surtout, a la region nord-est. On signe aussi le caractere suburbain de cette maladie aux villes de Sao Luiz, Teresina et Rio de Janeiro. La Lutzomyia longipalpis est l'unique vecteur connu de cette maladie avec un habitat domiciliaire. Le chien reste le principal reservoir de la Leishmania donovani chagasi mais d'autres especes de canin, tels que le Dusicyon vetulus et le Cerdocyon thous ont un role epidemiologique secondaire. Au cycle biologique sylvestre, les vecteurs restent encore inconnus.Les leishmanioses cutanees sont repandues par presque tous les etats bresilens et ainsi done, deux patrons epidemiologiques de la maladie ont ete classifies: le premier, fait rapport a la forme classique par laquelle Thome peut l'acquerir, e'est-a-dire, au contact avec l'agent, a l'Amazonie, ayant comme resultat um risque permanent d'epidemie. Le deuxiene fait egard a l'occurrence de la maladie aux regions de forets entierment devastees aux Etats de Sao Paulo et d'au...

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Section: Human Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

American leishmaniasis epidemiology in Brazil

Gomes

1986

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Investigação epidemiológica de, um novo caso de leishmaniose visceral ocorrido na Grande São Paulo, Brasil

et al. 1982

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Descreve-se uma investigação epidemiológica realizada em zona urbana do município de São Paulo, Brasil, para esclarecer um caso de leishmaniose visceral ocorrido em criança de 2 anos de idade, nascida e sempre residente no local. Afastou-se a possibilidade de transmissão por via transfusional e por vetor biológico, tendo como base os dados levantados da anamnese do doente, os resultados de inquéritos realizados na área em população humana, utilizando testes de imunofluorescência indireta, hemaglutinação passiva e intradermoreação de Montenegro, em população canina com o teste de imunofluorescência indireta, além de pesquisa entomológica em mata residual.

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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis and visceral leishmaniasis in an adult HIV negative patient

Ac¹,

Mr²

2001

Braz J Infect Dis

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This is a case report of a 29 year old male with pneumocystis pneumonia and tuberculosis, and who was initially suspected of having HIV infection, based on risk factor analyses, but was subsequently shown to be HIV negative. The patient arrived at the hospital with fever, cough, weight loss, loss of appetite, pallor, and arthralgia. In addition, he was jaundiced and had cervical lymphadenopathy and mild heptosplenomegaly. He had interstitial infiltrates of the lung, sputum smears positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pneumocystis carinii, and stool tests were positive for Strongyloides stercoralis and Schistosoma mansoni. He was diagnosed as having AIDS, and was treated for tuberculosis, pneumocystosis, and strongyloidiasis with a good response. The patient did not receive anti-retroviral therapy, pending outcome of the HIV tests. A month later, he was re-examined and found to have worsening hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, fever, and continued weight loss. At this time, it was determined that his HIV ELISA antibody tests were negative. A bone marrow aspirate was done and revealed amastigotes of leishmania, and a bone marrow culture was positive for Leishmania species. He was treated with pentavalent antimony, 20 mg daily for 20 days, with complete remission of symptoms and weight gain. This case demonstrates that immunosuppression from leishmaniasis and tuberculosis may lead to pneumocystosis, and be misdiagnosed as HIV infection. The occurrence of opportunistic infections in severely ill patients without HIV must always be considered and alternate causes of immunosuppression sought

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Leishmaniose visceral adquirida no Estado de São Paulo (Brasil)

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

American leishmaniasis epidemiology in Brazil

American leishmaniasis epidemiology in Brazil

Investigação epidemiológica de, um novo caso de leishmaniose visceral ocorrido na Grande São Paulo, Brasil

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis and visceral leishmaniasis in an adult HIV negative patient

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