Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis isolated from the saliva of patients in a cutaneous leishmaniasis-endemic area of northeastern Brazil

Brito, Maria Edileuza Felinto de; Almeida, Ericka Lima; Medeiros, Ângela Cristina Rapela; Werkhauser, Roberto P.; Alexandre, Joanna; Sá, Bruna Santos Lima Figueiredo de; Rodrigues, Eduardo Henrique Gomes; Brandão-Filho, Sinval Pinto

doi:10.1590/0074-02760170250

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Our findings seem to indicate that saliva is a habitual destination for Leishmania causing ACL, after the parasite spreading from the site of the lesion. This fact finds support in previous reports involving saliva, and other fluids, as well as some structural tissues of the oral cavity in CL-patients (9,13,16).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…More recently, the detection of Leishmania-DNA in saliva, from patients infected with distinct species and in different clinical conditions, has been reported from diverse parts of the world. This includes both immunocompetent individuals without oral mucosa injuries and immunocompromised patients with HIV/AIDS infection, using in most cases, PCR techniques (9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of PCR assay to detect Leishmania-DNA in saliva from patients suffering American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Anez¹,

Crisante²,

Rojas³

2023

revbiomed

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Introduction: American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) affects over one million people annually worldwide. Its spread enables Leishmania-parasites invading the skin, mucosa, and body-fluids including saliva. Detection of Leishmania-DNA in saliva, has been proposed as a non-invasive method. Objective: To evaluate the use of multiplex conventional PCR-assay in saliva to identify Leishmania-DNA from patients infected with ACL. Materials and Methods: Individuals with ACL were selected to evaluate a PCR-based saliva tool to identify Leishmania-DNA, 18 with active lesions and 3 with scars of previous healed ulcers, evaluated 2 years post-treatment. Saliva from 3 negative controls were included for comparison. Saliva samples (1 mL-each) were collected to be processed before, during and after treatment. Results: Amplification of Leishmania-DNA in saliva from patients with healed and active lesions, revealed Leishmania braziliensis in 78% pre-treated and 28% during and after the treatment. Conclusions: PCR-assay resulted useful identifying L. braziliensis in saliva from ACL-patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of PCR assay to detect Leishmania-DNA in saliva from patients suffering American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Anez¹,

Crisante²,

Rojas³

2023

revbiomed

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“…It was demonstrated that PCR is better to define the patient diagnosis of TL in all types of the analyzed biological samples. Therefore, the combination of minimally invasive sample collection procedures (such as the swab of lesion, salivary fluid, and blood) with molecular PCR test for diagnostic confirmation of TL is very important 25,[29][30][31] . Especially when compared with classic parasitological tests with lower positivity 10,26,32 and need for invasive collection (lesion puncture and biopsy).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the zoonotic cycle of tegumentary leishmaniasis in an endemic area of a metropolitan region in the Northeastern region of Brazil

Silva

Lima

et al. 2022

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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This study was conducted to characterize the transmission cycle of the tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) in an old colonization area at Pernambuco State, Brazil. The aims were to identify autochthonous cases, sandflies fauna, domestic animals as possible reservoir hosts and the Leishmania species involved in this endemic area. A total of 168 suspected human cases of TL and 272 domestic animals (canine, feline, equine, goat, and sheep) were included. The sandflies were captured and identified by species. Patients were predominantly male and the average age was 37+18.1 years old. Of 85 patients who had skin lesions, 25.6% of them had direct positive smears for TL and 34 isolates were identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. The confirmation for TL diagnosed by molecular detection (PCR) was almost three times more sensitive than the direct test [p < 0.001; PR = 2.72] associated with clinical examination. The Kappa test on PCR between two different specimens, biopsy, and skin lesion swab was 60.8% (p < 0.001). More than 200 specimens of sandflies (80 males and 159 females) were captured and identified as Lutzomyia whitmani (99.6%) and Lu. evandroi (0.4%). The detection of L. (V.) braziliensis by Real-Time PCR in the blood of a captured fed female was positive in 59.3% of Lu. whitmani. Of the 272 domestic animals included, 61.76% were male (n = 168). Thirty-six animals (13.2%) had lesions compatible with TL (34 dogs, 1 cat and 1 sheep) and 3 of them, all dogs, had lesions on the snout, showing destruction of cartilage and mucosa. The study suggests the participation of domestic animals as possible reservoirs. However, further studies are necessary to better understand the transmission cycle and take recommended measures in order to control the disease.

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“…Cultures are performed with fine needle aspirations or cutaneous biopsies. However one study, which has been performed on 7 CL patients with lesions in extremities and no mucosal lesions, reports the isolation of the parasite in saliva, which has promising implications on disease surveillance if further tested on a larger cohort [27]. In Sri Lanka, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is usually performed on biopsy samples.…”

Section: Sample Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing Cutaneous leishmaniasis using Fluorescencein SituHybridization: the Sri Lankan Perspective

Kaluarachchi

Weerasekera

McBain

et al. 2019

Pathogens and Global Health

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania donovani MON-37 is becoming a major public health problem in Sri Lanka, with 100 new cases per month being reported in endemic regions. Diagnosis of CL is challenging for several reasons. Due to relative specificity and rapidity we propose Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization as a diagnostic tool for CL.The objective was to evaluate the potential of Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization as a diagnostic method for Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka.Literature on current laboratory tests used to diagnose Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka and globally was reviewed. Sri Lankan data were reviewed systematically following the PRISMA guidelines. A narrative of the results is presented.There is currently no gold standard diagnostic method for Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization has been previously applied to detect dermal pathologies including those involving infectious agents, and its use to detect the Leishmania parasite in human cutaneous lesions reported in small number of studies, generally with limited numbers of subjects. Advantages of FISH has been specificity, cost and ease-of-use compared to the alternatives.Based on the available literature and our current work, FISH has potential for diagnosing CL and should now be evaluated in larger cohorts in endemic regions. FISH for CL diagnosis could find application in countries such as Sri Lanka, where laboratory facilities may be limited in rural areas where the disease burden is highest.

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Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis isolated from the saliva of patients in a cutaneous leishmaniasis-endemic area of northeastern Brazil

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Use of PCR assay to detect Leishmania-DNA in saliva from patients suffering American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Use of PCR assay to detect Leishmania-DNA in saliva from patients suffering American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Study on the zoonotic cycle of tegumentary leishmaniasis in an endemic area of a metropolitan region in the Northeastern region of Brazil

Diagnosing Cutaneous leishmaniasis using Fluorescencein SituHybridization: the Sri Lankan Perspective

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