Leishmania mexicana in Proechimys iheringi denigratus Moojen (Rodentia, Echimyidae) in a region endemic for American cutaneous leishmaniasis

Abstract

Three iso la tes o/L eishm ania were recoveredfrom fiv e o f2 7 specim ens o fth e rodent Proechim ys iheringi denigratus M oojen ca p tu red n ear Três B ra ço s in the A tla n tic F orest region o f B ahia, B ra zil. Two o fth e se isolates were recovered fro m ham sters inoculated with a p o o le d tritu rate o f liver, spleen a n d skin tissu e fro m ap p a ren tly healthy P. i. denigratus. The th ird iso la te w as recovered fro m a tritu rate o f o n ly skin tissue fro m another. M e ta sta sis w as observed in the in ocu lated ham sters, the p a ra site s grew abu n dan tly in a rtificia l m edia a n d a typ ica l su p ra p yla ria l p a ttern o f infection in Lutzom yia longipalpis was p ro d u c e d in dicatin g th a t the p a ra site s belong to the Leishmania mexicana complex. A li isolates reacted with Leishmania mexicana mexicana a n d In an attempt to find the primary reservoirs of these parasites, more than 6 0 0 wild animais, principally rodents, marsupiais, rabbits and edentates, have been exam ined (unpublished data). This paper describes three isolates which were recovered from rodents.1 .T h is study w as funded by th e C o n selh o N acio n al de D esen v o lvim en to C ien tífico e T ecnológico (C N P q ) 4 0 3 6 9 0 /8 2 , U S P u b lic H e a lth S ervice A I-1 6 2 8 2 , U .S . T ro p ical e N u triç ã o , U n iv ersid ad e de B rasília, D F . 7 0 9 1 0 Brazil. 3. U n id ad e d e E stu d o s E sp eciais, In stitu to E v a n d ro C h a gas, F u n d a ç ã o S E S P , B elém , P a rá 6 6 0 0 0 B razil.R ecebido p a ra p u b licação em 1 7 /1 2 /1 9 8 4 . M A T E R IA L S A N D M E T H O D SThe rodents were live trapped in the tall forest habitat o f the cacao growing region o f Três Braços, in the municipalities o f U baira and W enceslau Guima rães, Bahia, Brazil. This area is located 150 km southwest of Salvador, latitude 13° 3 2 ' south and longitude 39° 4 5 ' west. The animais were anesthetized with chloroform and necropsied. Ali mammals necropsied were preserved either as skin and skull specimens or in formalin for future positive identification. Portions o f skin tissue from the nose and base o f tail, as well as liver and spleen, were removed for imprint smears and later triturated with saline solution and inoculated into the foot pads o f hamsters. In some cases the skin and viscera were both inoculated into one hamster, in other cases the skin was inoculated into one hamster and the viscera into another. W hen the appearance o f a cutaneous lesion indicated an inoculated hamster was harboring an infection, samples were taken for imprint smears, inoculations in new hamsters and isolation attempts in D ifco blood agar culture m edia13.Specim ens o f L u tzo m y ia lo n g ip a lp is, from the colony maintained in our laboratory, were fed on the lesions and dissected following oviposition (4 or 5 days after feeding) to observe the development pattern o f the parasites in the digestive tu b e11.A battery o f seven monoclonal antibodies, species and subspecies specific for the L. m exicana...

Dogs Harbor <em>Leishmania braziliensis</em> and Participate in the Transmission Cycle of Human Tegumentary Leishmaniasis

“…The high prevalence of canine and human ATL in the village of Nova Esperança, an area where the first cases of CL were detected in 2015, supports the notion that outbreaks of human ATL and CTL are occurring in new areas in the southeast region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. While only a few wild animals have been documented with the L. braziliensis infection, as well a few cats and horses, based on our observations here and previous studies, dogs may be considered the most important reservoir of L. braziliensis [40,41,12,42,43,44]. In these endemic areas of the southeast region of Bahia, dogs are not only prized animals but have an economic importance since they are traded, and their prices vary depending on the ability of dogs to participate in hunting activities of wild animals that are consumed as food.…”

Richness and diversity of sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in an Atlantic rainforest reserve in southeastern Brazil

“…forattinii (Falqueto et al 1985). The same parasite was isolated from the rodent Proechimys iheringi denigratus (Moojen) in the municipality of Três Braços, state of Bahia, Brazil (Barreto et al 1985). In the state of Bahia, based on the large numbers of specimens collected, experimental infection, and parasite development in the midgut of sand flies, Ny .…”

“…( L .) forattinii (Barretto et al 1985, 1986). However, no sand fly species were found naturally infected by L .…”

Spirura carajaensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Spiruridae), parasite of Proechimys roberti Thomas 1901 (Rodentia: Echimyidae) from Brazilian Amazon

“…and Trypanosoma sp. (Barretto et al, 1985). However, there have been few studies examining their helminth fauna.…”