Lehrbuch der Agriculturchemie und Bodenkunde, Teil 1, Bodenkunde

Scheffer, F.; Schachtschabel, P.

doi:10.1097/00010694-196008000-00030

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Interpretation of TEP outcomes must also allow for the fact that small amounts of K, Ca and Mg may be released from soils as a result of weathering of minerals (Brady & Weil 1996). In sandy podzols of the study area, Ca, Mg and K contents of the C-horizons are below 0·1%, 0·1% and 1·1%, respectively (Scheffer & Schachtschabel 2002). These stores are very low compared with stores in the aboveground biomass and humus horizons.…”

Section:    mentioning

confidence: 78%

Can management compensate for atmospheric nutrient deposition in heathland ecosystems?

Härdtle

Niemeyer

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary 1.Atmospheric nutrient deposition has contributed to widespread changes in heathlands throughout Europe. As a consequence, management is now being considered as a potential tool with which to compensate for increased nutrient loads. Currently, only limited information is available on the extent to which management measures could compensate for atmospheric nutrient deposition. We hypothesized that low-intensity management measures are not sufficient to counterbalance current nutrient inputs, particularly of nitrogen (N). 2. In order to improve heathland management schemes, we evaluated the effectiveness of different management measures in reducing the impact of ongoing atmospheric nutrient loads. We compared the effects of mowing, prescribed burning (low-intensity management) and sod-cutting (high-intensity management) on heathland nutrient budgets [N, calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P)] in the Lueneburg Heath nature reserve (north-west Germany). Nutrient balances were calculated by analysing the present-day input, the output as a result of the removal of biomass/humus horizons, and changes in leaching rates. 3. Nutrient losses by increased leaching following management measures were negligible compared with nutrient losses caused by the removal of above-ground biomass or humus horizons. The total quantities of nutrients removed by sod-cutting were equivalent to between 37 and 176 years of atmospheric input (for N, 89 years). 4. In contrast, the quantities of N removed by mowing and prescribed burning were equivalent to only 5 years of atmospheric input. Thus, heathlands subjected to such treatments will accumulate N in the long term. In addition, output-input ratios for phosphorus (P) exceeded those for N in the mowing and sod-cutting experiments. It is therefore likely that heathlands currently (co-) limited by N will shift to being more Plimited in the long term. This will promote species that are well adapted to P-limited sites (e.g. Molinia caerulea ). 5. Synthesis and applications . This study shows that low-intensity management cannot compensate for atmospheric N loads in the long term. Consequently, high-intensity management measures are an indispensable tool in preserving a long-term balanced N budget in heathlands. In order to maintain a diverse structure, managers need to combine low-and high-intensity management measures. Prescribed burning proved to be the best means of avoiding an increasing P shortage, because this measure causes very low P outputs.

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Section:    mentioning

confidence: 78%

Can management compensate for atmospheric nutrient deposition in heathland ecosystems?

Härdtle

Niemeyer

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…C/N ratios are ca. 20 and the predominant humus form is humimor (Ellenberg et al 1986;Scheffer and Schachtschabel 2002; Table 1). Amelioration liming containing magnesium was applied to both study sites in 1990, at Neuhaus also in 2001.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

The estimation of aboveground biomass and nutrient pools of understorey plants in closed Norway spruce forests and on clearcuts

2010

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The estimation model PhytoCalc allows a nondestructive quantification of dry weight and nutrient pools of understorey plants in forests by using the relationship between species biomass, cover and mean shoot length. The model has been validated with independent samples in several German forest types and can be a useful tool in forest monitoring. However, in open areas within forests (e.g. clearcuts), the current model version underestimates biomass and produces unreliable nutrient pool estimations. Thus, tissue density, as approximated by leaf dry matter content (LDMC), is systematically higher under high light compared to low light conditions. We demonstrate that the ratio of LDMC under clearcut conditions to LDMC under forest conditions can be used to adjust the PhytoCalc model to clearcut conditions. We investigated the LDMC ratio of five exemplary species commonly occurring on clearcuts. Integrating the square of the ratio as a correction factor improved estimates of biomass to more than 70% fit between observations and predictions. Results also suggest this ratio can be used to correct nutrient concentrations modelled in PhytoCalc, which tend to be overestimated in clearcuts. As morphological groups of plant species exhibit significantly different ratios, we advise using group-specific correction factors for clearcut adjustments in the future.

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“…These two ecological factors are mutually connected, and soil rich in nutrients usually shows higher values of soil reaction (cf. Scheffer & Schachtschabel 2002). On the lefthand side of the diagram are placed associations with higher trophic level.…”

Section: Ecological Conditions Of Marshland Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marshland vegetation of the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea in northwest Croatia (Krapina river valley)

Stančić¹

2010

Biologia

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Marshland vegetation of the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea in the Krapina river valley was investigated during 2006 and 2007, and some sporadic investigations were made earlier. Phytosociological studies were carried out in accordance with the standard Braun-Blanquet methodology. As a result of the field work, and a small amount of data from the literature, 120 relevés were collected and 18 communities were established. For the purposes of comparison, the relevés were also classified using numerical methods. The clusters obtained mostly correspond to specific associations, but do not confirm the division into traditional vegetation alliances and orders. In the analysis of the ecological factors it is established that separation of the relevés is influenced by nutrient content, soil reaction, soil moisture, depth of water, and type of management. Analysis of the plant life forms shows, in all marshland communities, a prevalence of hemicryptophytes, geophytes and hydrophytes. The most widespread marshland communities of the investigated area are: Phalaridetum arundinaceae, Phragmitetum australis and Galio palustris-Caricetum ripariae. Furthermore, Carex randalpina community is recorded for the first time in Croatia. The most threatened marshland communities could be considered to be: Carex randalpina community, Caricetum vesicariae, Leersietum oryzoidis and Oenantho-Rorippetum. They are selected because of their very small surfaces in the investigated area and the small number of known localities within the territory of Croatia. The most invasive alien plant species in the Krapina river valley is Solidago gigantea. It spreads in potential habitats of marshland vegetation, and it is recorded in the species composition of many marshland communities. For the preservation of marshland vegetation, and especially threatened types, it is necessary to maintain the water regime of the habitats, to not remove natural plant cover due to spreading of neophytes, and to provide occasional mowing and burning.

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Lehrbuch der Agriculturchemie und Bodenkunde, Teil 1, Bodenkunde

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Can management compensate for atmospheric nutrient deposition in heathland ecosystems?

Can management compensate for atmospheric nutrient deposition in heathland ecosystems?

The estimation of aboveground biomass and nutrient pools of understorey plants in closed Norway spruce forests and on clearcuts

Marshland vegetation of the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea in northwest Croatia (Krapina river valley)

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