Leguminous pre-crops improved quality of organic winter and spring cereals

Ingver, Anne; Tamm, Ülle; Tamm, Ilmar; Tamm, S.; Tupits, Ilme; Bender, Ants; Koppel, Reine; Narits, Lea; Koppel, Mati

doi:10.1080/01448765.2018.1509728

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…An increase in the protein content of spring cereals due to leguminous pre-crops has also been found by e.g. Ingver et al (2019) and Moyo et al (2015). However, these positive economic impacts in green manure practice are partly counteracted by reduced income due to one year without a cash crop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Impacts of green manure on crop yield, nitrogen leaching and nitrous oxide emissions in sandy and clay soil lysimeters

Regina

Känkänen

Singh

2021

AFSci

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We compared wheat yield, losses of nitrogen (N) in leaching, and gaseous losses as nitrous oxide (N2O) in silt and sand soil lysimeters. The studied cultivation systems were based on mineral fertilizer or mineral fertilizer together with clover green manure mulched at three different time points (August, October or May) before sowing of the main crop (either winter or spring wheat). Replacing 50–60% of mineral fertilizer N with green manure from a mixture of three clover species did not compromise the crop yield of winter or spring wheat. The results suggest that mulching of the green manure in the spring succeeding its sowing is the most beneficial practice with respect to environmental impacts. Total N leaching was higher from sandy soil than from silt loam whereas emissions of N2O were higher from the silt soil. Residual N from the clover biomass did not lead to an increase in leaching losses of N during the growing season or one year from the harvest. However, the residual N can be a source of high N2O emissions during the winter period in boreal climatic conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Impacts of green manure on crop yield, nitrogen leaching and nitrous oxide emissions in sandy and clay soil lysimeters

Regina

Känkänen

Singh

2021

AFSci

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“…Forage as opposed to grain crops in this range maintain high outputs of biomass and N tot (Iannetta et al, 2016). In Baltic region, clover was shown to accumulate up to 6.4-14.9 t ha -1 DM yield biomass and up to 118-327 kg ha -1 of N (Ingver et al, 2019). Forage legumes use N to produce dry shoot matter more efficiently than grain legumes, whereas accumulation of N in grains is greater for grain legumes (Iannetta et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The introduction of soybean in an organic crop rotation in the Nemoral zone: the impact on subsequent spring wheat productivity

Toleikienė

Brophy

Arlauskienė

et al. 2019

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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The sustainability of an organic crop rotation frequently depends on the residual effects of legume pre-crops. However, the contribution of legumes varies considerably depending on their species as well as local soil and climatic conditions. This research aims to compare the pre-crop effects of traditional grain and forage legumes with those of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), which is not widespread in Europe latitude 55° due to climatic constrains, on the productivity of subsequent cereals. A three-year (2016-2018) crop rotation was investigated using four pre-crops: spring barley, spring barley intercropped with red clover, pea and soybean. The effect of pre-crops on grain yield and quality and chemical composition of subsequently grown spring wheat was explored. Nitrogen (N) content in grain and straw, mineral nitrogen (N min) content in the soil were measured, the carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio and net N balance were calculated. The rotation was repeated twice and the results showed that pea and soybean did not produce sufficient biomass and amount of fixed N to maintain a stable positive residual effect in both rotation replications. Under favourable conditions, pea derived 66.1 kg ha-1 N and soybean-64.7 kg ha-1 N from the atmosphere, while red clover intercropped with spring barley produced 65.4-82.7 kg ha-1 N yearly. Most of the total N (N tot) accumulated by pea and soybean plants, 69% and 80%, respectively, was removed with grain yield, while comparable percentages of N (59-68%) were left by the residues of red clover and spring barley mixture. As a result, the greatest effect on subsequently grown spring wheat was exerted by the mixture of spring barley and red clover (yield increase 354-1414 kg ha-1). Comparing grain legumes, only efficiently nodulated soybean produced a positive +20.6 kg ha-1 net N balance and increased the yield of spring wheat by 920 kg ha-1. Pea resulted in the negative net N balance and increased the yield of spring wheat by 534 kg ha-1. Mineral nitrogen in the soil increased under all legume pre-crops only in the second year of the crop rotation.

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“…February orchid is a nonlegume plant without N fixation ability, but it could absorb residual nitrate (NO 3 – ) and reduce N leaching losses. Their extensive rooting system relates to soil N depletion. , However, microbes and plant roots could secrete enzymes into the soil that support the breakdown of complicated molecules into simpler ones and the intensification of mineralized nutrients to improve the quantity of available nutrient in the soil . Soil enzyme activity is essential for determining soil fertility and plant yield and is an integral part of biological modification .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 , 25 However, microbes and plant roots could secrete enzymes into the soil that support the breakdown of complicated molecules into simpler ones and the intensification of mineralized nutrients to improve the quantity of available nutrient in the soil. 26 Soil enzyme activity is essential for determining soil fertility and plant yield and is an integral part of biological modification. 27 Specific enzymes catalyze particular substrates, and each enzyme does not depend on the entire nutrient cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Uptake Potential of Nonleguminous Species and Its Interaction with Soil Characteristics and Enzyme Activities in the Agro-ecosystem

Solangi,

Zhu,

Cao

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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The potential nutrient uptake abilities of a plant are essential for improving the yield and quality. Green manures can take up a huge amount of macronutrients from the soil. The mechanisms underlying the differences in nutrient uptake capacity among different nonlegume species remain unclear. The plot experiments were conducted to investigate the performance of nonlegume species including forage radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus), oil radish (Raphanus sativus var. Longipinnatus), February orchid (Orychophragmus violaceus L), and rapeseed (Baricca napus), while a ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) species was used as a control. The study results showed that forage radish had the highest nutrient uptake (N and P), i.e., 322 and 101% in Hunan and 277 and 469% in the Sichuan site, respectively, compared with the control. While the greatest K uptake was found in forage radish, i.e., 123%, and February orchid, 243%, in the Hunan and Sichuan sites. Forage radish also presented higher phosphorus use efficiency in both experimental areas: Hunan by 301% and Sichuan by 633% compared to the control. Significant modifications were found in nutrient availability and enzyme activities after the cultivation of various species. The oil radish enhanced the β-glucosidase (BG) and leucine-aminopeptidase enzyme activities by 324 and 367%, respectively, while forage radish developed the highest phosphatase (Phase) and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities compared to the ryegrass in Hunan. In the Sichuan site, the oil radish promotes enzyme activities such as Phase (126%), BG (19%), and NAG (17%), compared to the control. It is concluded that forage radish, oil radish, and February orchid can easily improve soil nutrient quality in green manuring practices and provide valuable nutrient management systems.

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Leguminous pre-crops improved quality of organic winter and spring cereals

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Impacts of green manure on crop yield, nitrogen leaching and nitrous oxide emissions in sandy and clay soil lysimeters

Impacts of green manure on crop yield, nitrogen leaching and nitrous oxide emissions in sandy and clay soil lysimeters

The introduction of soybean in an organic crop rotation in the Nemoral zone: the impact on subsequent spring wheat productivity

Nutrient Uptake Potential of Nonleguminous Species and Its Interaction with Soil Characteristics and Enzyme Activities in the Agro-ecosystem

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