Legal Status of The Union Republics During the Perestroika (1985-1991)

Abstract

The relevance of the topic of the article is determined by the very specific features of coexistence and interaction of central and local authorities, which is expressed in the objective need to find in each case effective mechanisms for balancing and reconciling their interests. The purpose of the article is to study the complex and contradictory processes of the rebuilding period in the USSR, related to the implementation of administrative reform by M.S. Horbachov, in particular, such an important component as the separation of powers between the union and republican bodies of state power and administration. With the use of formal-legal, logical-legal and historical-genetic methods, thorough conclusions are made about the reasons for the failure of M.S. Horbachov in the separation of powers between the center and the seats. Based on the application of the comparative historical and legal method, the peculiarities of administrative reform in some Soviet republics are singled out. The activities of the ruling elite of the USSR aimed at transforming the state mechanism through the redistribution of powers between the union and republican authorities are gradually analysed with the involvement of normative and legal material. The concrete steps of the union republics to declare their sovereignty in the conditions of deteriorating domestic political situation in the USSR are considered. The process of preparation for the adoption by the Soviet republics of the new Union Treaty as a way of overcoming the crisis that engulfed the USSR at the end of the perestroika M.S. Horbachov. The practical value of scientific work is manifested in the following provisions: decentralisation processes through the redistribution of powers between central and local authorities should be comprehensive, well-planned and conducted based on scientifically developed models; professionalism and general competence of elites become a critical factor in the context of large-scale managerial reforms; the category of time is the most important resource during the state and legal transformations in the conditions of intensive technological development