Lectins from the Edible Mushroom Agaricus bisporus and Their Therapeutic Potentials

Abstract

The mushroom Agaricus bisporus secretes biologically active compounds and proteins with benefits for human health. Most reported proteins from A. bisporus are tyrosinases and lectins. Lectins are of therapeutic or pharmaceutical interest. To date, only limited information is available on A. bisporus lectins and lectin-like proteins. No therapeutic products derived from A. bisporus lectin (ABL) are available on the market despite its extensive exploration. Recently, A. bisporus mannose-binding protein (Abmb) was discovered. Its discovery enriches the information and increases the interest in proteins with therapeutic potential from this mushroom. Furthermore, the A. bisporus genome reveals the possible occurrence of other lectins in this mushroom that may also have therapeutic potential. Most of these putative lectins belong to the same lectin groups as ABL and Abmb. Their relationship is discussed. Particular attention is addressed to ABL and Abmb, which have been explored for their potential in medicinal or pharmaceutical applications. ABL and Abmb have anti-proliferative activities toward cancer cells and a stimulatory effect on the immune system. Possible scenarios for their use in therapy and modification are also presented.

Mycochemicals in wild and cultivated mushrooms: nutrition and health

“…In vivo tests on mice have shown analgesic and antipyretic properties comparable to that of the common drug diclofenac (Bose et al 2019). As reported by Ismaya et al (2020), recently a new molecule from A. bisporus has been discovered; is a mannose-binding protein (Abmb) that might be employed as a drug carrier for oral administration due to its capability to permeate a dialysis bag made of fresh jejunum ex vivo, that doesn't suffer alterations in a bioconjugation with a drug model, and to its resistance to the harsh gastrointestinal tract (Ismaya et al 2020). Some activities and compounds of A. bisporus are reported in Table 7.…”

Status of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and complement system in COVID-19 patients and therapeutic applications of antiviral plant MBLs

“…Carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins act as mediators for interactions between host cell membrane and the virus fusion and take part in the viral infections. Lectin-dependent therapy, based on protein-carbohydrate interactions, can be used as a substitute to effectively tackle microbial diseases in the future [143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150].…”

“…In higher plants, mannose-binding lectins are omnipresent, where they act in recognition of 'high-mannose style glycans of foreign microorganisms or plant predators' [19,[143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150]. In addition to their carbohydrate specificity, plant mannosebinding lectins and animal mannose-binding lectins greatly differ in their size, composition, and 3D structures.…”

“…pMBLs from sunflower seedlings show antifungal properties [176]. The mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, pMBL, and the possible occurrence of various other lectins in other species offer therapeutic potential toward cancer cells and a stimulatory effect on the immune system [150].…”

Fungi and Algae as Sources of Medicinal and Other Biologically Active Compounds: A Review

“…A lectin with a particular specificity for xylose and melibiosis was isolated from B. edulis . It showed potential mitogenic properties and an inhibiting effect on the HIV−1 enzyme, reverse transcriptase, which may indicate the possibility of using lectin in the prevention of immunosuppression in patients after chemotherapy and radiotherapy or in AIDS patients [ 129 ]. Despite the large variety of mushroom lectins, little information exists about their function and biological activity.…”