Lecithin in swine diets: I. Weanling pigs

Abstract

One digestibility experiment (Exp. 1) and two growth experiments (Exp. 2 and 3) were conducted to evaluate the use of lecithin as an emulsifier of soy oil and(or) an energy source in a two-phase starter diet program. Phase 1 consisted of d 0 to 14 postweaning, and Phase 2 consisted of d 14 to 35 postweaning. Diets were based on corn, soybean meal, and 20% dried whey and contained a constant ME:lysine level. In Exp. 1 and 2, two levels of lecithin (0 and 2%) at two levels of soy oil (0 and 6%) were investigated. In both experiments, there was no interaction between lecithin and soy oil for any traits measured. In Exp. 1, the apparent digestibility of fat increased significantly with increased fat level in the diets. Addition of lecithin to diets improved (P < .05) nitrogen retention, and the addition of soy oil significantly improved apparent digestibility of DM, GE, fat, and CP. In Exp. 2, there was no significant effect of lecithin or soy oil on ADG. In Phase 2 and overall, the inclusion of lecithin and soy oil to diets significantly increased gain/feed but did not significantly improve gain/ME intake. In Exp. 3, pigs were fed diets containing 0, 1, 2, or 3% lecithin. The addition of lecithin to diets did not affect ADG, ADFI, gain/feed, or gain/ME intake during Phases 1, 2, or overall. These results fail to demonstrate that the addition of lecithin to diets for young pigs improves utilization of soy oil or growth performance.

Effect of emulsifier (lysophospholipids) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood profile in weanling pigs

“…Otherwise, Soares and Lopez-Bote (2002) did not observe any effects of dietary LPL supplementation on DM, CP and crude fiber in weanling pigs during the first 2 weeks after weaning or the following 2 weeks. Xing et al (2004) reported that the ATTD of DM, crude fat, CP and GE was increased with the addition of lard, similarly Overland et al (1993a) observed the addition of soy oil improved the ATTD of DM, GE, crude fat, and CP. Taken together, the increased fat digestibility in our study may contribute to the increased ATTD of DM, GE and N observed.…”

“…The positive effects on growth performance could be the result of increased palatability with the addition of LPL or lecithin to the diets which caused a greater feed and energy intake (Overland and Sundstol, 1995). On the other hand, Overland et al (1993aOverland et al ( ,b, 1994 did not observe a benefit in weanling pigs or growing-finishing pigs on growth performance using soy lecithin. The effect of emulsifiers on growth performance may be more beneficial when animal fats are used (Overland et al, 1993a).…”

“…On the other hand, Overland et al (1993aOverland et al ( ,b, 1994 did not observe a benefit in weanling pigs or growing-finishing pigs on growth performance using soy lecithin. The effect of emulsifiers on growth performance may be more beneficial when animal fats are used (Overland et al, 1993a). Wieland et al (1993) showed that the effectiveness of different emulsifiers in increasing the absorption of medium-chain triglycerides varied.…”

Influence of lipase and/or emulsifier addition on the ileal and faecal nutrient digestibility in growing pigs fed diets containing 4% animal fat

“…However, the results are rather inconsistent. Improvements in fat digestibility and/or growth rate were noted by Jones et al, 35 De Rodas et al, 36 Superchi et al 37 and Jin et al,38 while no effects were noted by Frobish et al, 39 Van Wormer and Pollmann, 40 Øverland et al, 6 Reis de Souza et al, 41,42 Øverland and Sundstol, 43 Benatti et al 9 and Soares and Lopez-Bote. 44 The discrepancy is most likely attributable to differences in diet characteristics (mostly the fat fraction, type and level), to the type, fatty acid composition, level and mode of incorporation of the emulsifier and to antibiotics present in the diet.…”

Effects of Dietary Fat Types on Growth Performance, Pork Quality, and Gene Expression in Growing-finishing Pigs

“…In many other reports, the addition of fat at the diet was known to improve feed efficiency during the post-weaning period (Cera et al, 1988; 1990; Howard et al, 1990; Li et al, 1990; Overland et al, 1993; Tokach et al, 1995). However, initial stage (from 0 to 14 d after weaning) was also no difference of feed efficiency.…”