Learning to Parse Second Language Consonant Clusters

Archibald, John

doi:10.1017/s0008413100000633

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Such cases suggest that listeners can re-weight and re-map phonetic cues onto novel phonological structures. On the redeployment view, cues can indeed be re-weighted, but phonological structures which underlie a new contrast are not expected to be fully novel; rather, they must be assembled from preexisting phonological structures (Archibald, 2003(Archibald, , 2005(Archibald, , 2009(Archibald, , 2018(Archibald, , 2021(Archibald, , 2022(Archibald, , 2023Archibald et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Redeployment in language contact: the case of phonological emphasis

Flynn

2024

Front. Lang. Sci.

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This article applies the notion of redeployment in second language acquisition to contact-induced diachronic changes. Of special interest are cases where a marked phonological contrast has spread across neighboring languages. Such cases suggest that listeners can re-weight and re-map phonetic cues onto novel phonological structures. On the redeployment view, cues can indeed be re-weighted, but phonological structures which underlie a new contrast are not expected to be fully novel; rather, they must be assembled from preexisting phonological structures. Emphatics are an instructive case. These are (mostly) coronal consonants articulated with tongue-root retraction. Phonological emphasis is rare among the world's languages but it is famously endogenous in Arabic and in Interior Salish and it has spread from these to not a few neighboring languages. The present study describes and analyzes the genesis of phonological emphasis and its exogenous spread to a dozen mostly unrelated languages—from Arabic to Iranian and Caucasian languages, among others, and from Interior Salish to Athabaskan and Wakashan languages. This research shows that most languages acquire emphatics by redeploying the phonological feature [RTR] (retracted tongue root) from preexisting uvulars. On the other hand, some languages acquire imitations of emphatics by redeploying the consonantal use of [low] from preexisting pharyngeals. Phonological emphasis is apparently not borrowed by neighboring languages where consonants lack a phonological feature fit for redeployment. The overall impression is that a language in contact with emphatics may newly adopt these sounds as [RTR] or [low] only if the relevant feature is already in use in its consonant system. This pattern of adoption in language contact supports the redeployment construct in second language acquisition theory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On this view, it makes sense to study contact-induced sound shis using a construct that has proven valuable in second-language acquisition theory, viz. Archibald's (2003; redeployment dictum that, as a rule, "new structures" are never fully so, but are rather "assembled out of the building blocks found in the L1" (2018, p. 15).…”

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confidence: 99%

Redeployment in language contact: the case of phonological emphasis

Flynn

2024

Front. Lang. Sci.

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“…The most recent model adopted in accounting for L2 acquisition is OT. Research that espouses OT makes use of constraints interaction (Archibald, 1997a(Archibald, , 1997b(Archibald, , 2003Broselow et al, 1998;Hancin-Bhatt, 2000;Escuerdo & Boersma, 2001;Amrous, 2012;Broselow & Xu, 2004;Broselow, 2018). Besides being a model for grammar explanation, OT can provide an adequate analysis of language acquisition.…”

Section: Literature Review 21 Approaches To the Acquisition Of Second...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later, Moroccan learners, as language develops, show signs of optimizing their IL and hence corresponding to TL norms. Having negative evidence, the subsequent stage was to demote FT-TYPEIAMB step below FT-TYPETROC by means of CDA, as shown in (6). FT-TYPETROC is undominated in English, unlike in MA.…”

Section: 25 ✓mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimality-Theoretic Analysis of Word-stress Learnability: Evidence from Moroccan-English Interlanguage

SMIRKOU

2023

bjal

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This study adopts a theoretical analysis of the learnability of English word-stress. It intends to provide an Optimality-theoretic analysis of word-stress learnability among Moroccan learners of English. Language acquisition, from an Optimality Theory perspective, is a process of reordering the constraints from an initial state of the grammar to the language-specific ranking of the target grammar. To account for stress development, this paper makes use of the Constraint Demotion Algorithm (Tesar & Smolensky, 1996; 2000), which learners adopt to infer the correct hierarchy of constraints. Starting with a default hierarchy supplied by Universal Grammar, learners proceed with the recursive demotion of higher-ranked constraints until the correct ranking is reached. The algorithm, starting by initializing the hierarchy, assumes that constraints are unranked and thus hosted in the same stratum. Sixty Moroccan learners participated in the study. The informants are third-year students at Ibn Tofail University. They were administered an oral multiple-choice test that elicited their intuition about English stress patterns. The overall findings of the study reveal that learners’ prior (L1) ranking influences their learnability of English stress. That is, Moroccan learners misplace stress in English words due to the initial state of their grammar. From the findings, OT is evidenced to successfully predict learning stages using CDA, wherein each demotion signals a learning stage.

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Second Language Phonology as Redeployment of LI Phonological Knowledge

Archibald

2005

Can. J. Linguist.

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This article presents research showing that second language (L2) learners do not have deficient representations and they are capable of acquiring structures that are absent from their first language (L1). The Redeployment Hypothesis—which claims that L2 phonologies include novel representations created via redeployment of L1 phonological components—is consistent with data from several domains, including acquisition of phonological features, syllable structure, moraic structure, and metrical structure. Moreover, it is shown that input prominence plays a role in L2 acquisition, and that language learners are sensitive to robust phonetic cues. Finally, studies done on interlingual homographs and homophones argue for non-selective access to the bilingual lexicon, suggesting that the language processing capacity is always engaged.

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Learning to Parse Second Language Consonant Clusters

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Redeployment in language contact: the case of phonological emphasis

Redeployment in language contact: the case of phonological emphasis

An Optimality-Theoretic Analysis of Word-stress Learnability: Evidence from Moroccan-English Interlanguage

Second Language Phonology as Redeployment of LI Phonological Knowledge

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