Learning New Letter-like Writing Patterns Explicitly and Implicitly in Children and Adults

Jongbloed-Pereboom, M.; Overvelde, Anneloes; Sanden, Maria W. G. Nijhuis-van der; Steenbergen, Bert

doi:10.1080/00222895.2017.1407287

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…On the other hand, van Abswoude et al (Van Abswoude et al, 2020; did not find an effect of either verbal or visuospatial working memory on motor performance or learning following implicit or explicit learning. Similar results were shown by Jongbloed-Pereboom et al (2018). In addition, Jongbloed-Pereboom et al ( 2017) showed a role for visuospatial working memory capacity in both implicit and explicit groups.…”

Section: Individual Differencessupporting

confidence: 67%

Implicit motor learning in primary school children: A systematic review

Abswoude

Mombarg

Groot

et al. 2021

Journal of Sports Sciences

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The aim of this study was to assess the current state of evidence and methodological quality of studies on implicit and explicit motor learning in both typically developing children and children with developmental disorders. A systematic literature review was conducted on the experimental literature published up to April 2020. A total of 25 studies were included. Studies were evaluated on methodological quality, paradigm used, and level of evidence. The results showed that implicit paradigms are as effective as explicit paradigms in both groups of children. Studies are predominantly experimental in nature involving mostly upper limb aiming tasks. The few studies that were performed outside the lab (n = 5) suggest superior efficacy of the implicit paradigm. Methodological quality varied between studies and was not always of sufficient standard to allow conclusions. In particular, manipulation checks were only performed in 13 studies (52% of all studies), limiting conclusions. Further progress can be made by focussing on improving methodological quality through retention testing by the inclusion of a control group, by the inclusion of a manipulation check, and via assessment of relevant co-variables, such as working memory, age, and motor competence.

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Section: Individual Differencessupporting

confidence: 67%

Implicit motor learning in primary school children: A systematic review

Abswoude

Mombarg

Groot

et al. 2021

Journal of Sports Sciences

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“…Although letters in general have been extensively used as a primary data source in research for centuries (Harris, 2002), researchers have only recently started to use letter writing as a way to generate self-reflexive data on people's lived experiences (Ahearn, 2001;Kralik et al, 2000;Rautio, 2009). Letter writing is a methodology that has been used in a range of studies to enable contributions from hard-to-reach participants or those with limited accessibility (Brown, 2014;Davidson and Birmingham, 2001;Davis, 1967;Dunn, 2000;Epston, 2009;Grana et al, 2001;Jiwa and Burr, 2002;Jolly, 2011;Jongbloed-Pereboom et al, 2018;Kelly and Waring, 2018;Kirkhorn and Airth-Kindree, 2010;Muzumdar et al, 2020;Penny and Malpass, 2019;Rancour and Brauer, 2003;Seddon, 2018;Sommer, 1958;Thompson et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methods and Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing the views of people in custody about the management of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Scottish Prison Estate

Maycock

Dickson

2021

IJPH

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to foreground and analyse the views of people in custody about the management of the COVID-19 pandemic within the Scottish Prison Estate. The project is unique in using a correspondence participatory action methodology to engage with a group of people in custody at one Scottish prison. Design/methodology/approach At the time of ethical approval (early April 2020), all face-to-face research projects facilitated by the Scottish Prison Service were paused. In response to these methodological challenges, a participatory correspondence methodology was designed to allow people in custody to influence the direction of this project by suggesting research questions and themes. Eight participants were selected due to previous participation in research projects at one Scottish prison. All participants were adult males and serving long-term sentences. After consent was given via post, eight letters were distributed to participants with questions about their COVID-19 experiences. Methodologically, this project illustrates the potential for correspondence methods to facilitate insights into life in custody during what emerges as a particularly challenging time. Findings Participant suggested questions were used across six subsequent letters to elicit unique insights into the COVID-19 pandemic, of lockdown and subsequent easing of lockdown conditions in custody. The main project findings relate to challenges that the participants faced in relation to communication, feelings of heightened isolation and detachment from family, friends and the normal rhythms of life in prison. Analysis of letters provides unique insights into the ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic in custody enhanced the pains of imprisonment, increasing the “tightness”, “depth” and “weight” of participants’ time in custody. Originality/value This paper is methodologically, epistemologically and theoretically original in foregrounding the views of people in custody about the management of COVID-19 in prison and using a correspondence participatory action research method. The conclusion considers the extent to which views from what might be considered the bottom of hierarchies of power within prison settings are able to influence the direction of prison policy around the management of COVID-19 and future pandemics.

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“…While letters in general have been used as data source in historical, sociological and literary research for centuries (Harris, 2002), researchers have only recently started to use letter-writing between a researcher and a research participant as a way to generate self-reflexive data on people’s lived experiences (Ahearn, 2001; Kralik et al, 2000; Rautio, 2009). Letter writing is a methodology that has been used in a range of studies to enable research participants to participate in research projects that their circumstances for whatever reason don’t allow them to participate in person (Brown, 2014; Davidson & Birmingham, 2001; Davis, 1967; Dunn, 2000; Epston, 2009; Grana et al, 2001; Jiwa & Burr, 2002; Jolly, 2011; Jongbloed-Pereboom et al, 2018; Kelly & Waring, 2018; Kirkhorn & Airth-Kindree, 2010; Muzumdar et al, 2020; Penny & Malpass, 2019; Rancour & Brauer, 2003; Seddon, 2018; Sommer, 1958; Thompson et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methods and Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature on Covid-19 in prison settings is emerging at the time of writing, with new studies published all the time, although these tend to be quite limited (Johnson et al, 2021). The majority of the emerging literature on Covid-19 in prison settings is health focused (Kakimoto et al, 2020;Okano & Blower, 2020;Vose et al, 2020) and often focused on different protocols and precautions that can, should and have been utilised to minimise the transmission of the virus in the prison setting (Burki, 2020;de Carvalho et al, 2020;Jones & Tulloch, 2020;Montoya-Barthelemy et al, 2020;Solis et al, 2020;Vose et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2020). Robinson et al (2020) have highlighted the impacts of digital inequalities in the face of Covid-19's outbreak, and prisoners and those held in detention centres, as they discuss, are at higher risk of experiencing the impacts of these digital inequalities.…”

Section: Covid-19 In Prison Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘I Do Not Appear to Have had Previous Letters’. The Potential and Pitfalls of Using a Qualitative Correspondence Method to Facilitate Insights Into Life in Prison During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Maycock

2021

International Journal of Qualitative Methods

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The Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown represents a significant challenge for qualitative researchers due to social distancing measures restricting face-to-face data collection. At the time of ethical approval (early April 2020), all face-to-face research projects facilitated by the Scottish Prison Service and most prison jurisdictions were paused. In response to these methodological challenges, a participatory action correspondence methodology was designed in order for people in custody to influence the direction of this project by suggesting research questions and themes. This article analyses the potential of this approach, what this illuminated and critically engages with the challenges of implementing this qualitative methodology. Eight participants were selected due to previous participation in a Participatory Action Research project at one Scottish prison. After consent was given via post, eight letters were sent to the participants. This paper analyses the questions relating to, and aspects of Covid-19 that were important to the participants, in the hope that these insights will influence other qualitative research on the impacts of Covid-19 within prison settings. Methodologically and theoretically, this paper illustrates the potential and challenges relating to using a qualitative correspondence method to facilitate unique insights into life in custody during what emerges as a particularly challenging time in prison settings. More widely the paper reiterates and restates the importance of qualitative research methods as methods that provide unique and rich insights into the Covid-19 pandemic.

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Learning New Letter-like Writing Patterns Explicitly and Implicitly in Children and Adults

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Implicit motor learning in primary school children: A systematic review

Implicit motor learning in primary school children: A systematic review

Analysing the views of people in custody about the management of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Scottish Prison Estate

‘I Do Not Appear to Have had Previous Letters’. The Potential and Pitfalls of Using a Qualitative Correspondence Method to Facilitate Insights Into Life in Prison During the Covid-19 Pandemic

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