Learning from History: union tactics that contributed to the labor counter-reform / Aprendendo com a História: táticas sindicais que contribuíram para a contrarreforma trabalhista

Abstract

Aprendendo com a História: táticas sindicais que contribuíram para a contrarreforma trabalhista JAIME HILLESHEIM *  ABSTRACT -This article analyzes the tactics adopted by the Brazilian trade union movement in recent times, particularly between 2003 and 2015/2016, during the PT (Worker's Party) governments, in order to deal with conflicts arising from the relationship between capital and labor. Based on the research, it is possible to affirm that the prospects for negotiation and conciliation of the interests of classes assimilated by workers' representative organizations in the face of capital, created the necessary conditions to carry out the recently approved labor counter-reforms, whose content materializes the agenda of the national bourgeoisie to face the fall of the rates of profit in the context of the structural crisis of capitalism. The reconstruction of the social processes which culminated in this counter-reform is essential for workers to be able to assess the negative impact of those tactics on the collection of historically conquered rights, and elaborate answers that effectively contribute toward social emancipation.Keywords -Labor union movement. Conciliation of classes. Labor Rights. RESUMO -No presente artigo são problematizadas as táticas adotadas pelo movimento sindical brasileiro nos períodos recentes, em particular entre os anos de 2003-2015/2016 durante os governos petistas, para enfrentar os conflitos oriundos da relação entre capital e trabalho. A partir da pesquisa realizada, é possível afirmar que as perspectivas de negociação e de conciliação de interesses, de classes assimiladas pelas organizações representativas dos trabalhadores em face do capital, acabaram por criar as condições necessárias para levar a cabo a contrarreforma trabalhista recentemente aprovada, cujo conteúdo materializa a pauta da burguesia nacional para enfrentar a queda das taxas de lucro no contexto de crise estrutural do capitalismo. A reconstrução dos processos sociais que culminaram na referida contrarreforma é essencial para que os trabalhadores possam avaliar o impacto negativo daquelas táticas sobre o acervo de direitos conquistados historicamente e elaborar respostas que efetivamente contribuam para a emancipação social. of the early 2000s, with the coming to power of the Workers Party (PT), part of the political forces on the left believed that structural changes would be implemented. However, once again, through a policy of conciliation between class interests, the objective conditions were developed for the proposals for capital's offensive, contrary to those expectations. Palavras-chave -The policy of conciliation that was adopted ended up forming an alignment of the various political forces to the hegemonic project of the national bourgeoisie. This perspective was assimilated acritically, including by the representations of the workers inside the government and of the parliament, as well as within the trade union movement, contributing to reinforce the objectives of the bourgeoisie in the constructi...