Learning and memory impairments associated to acetylcholinesterase inhibition and oxidative stress following glyphosate based-herbicide exposure in mice

Ait-Bali, Yassine; Kaikai, Nour-eddine; Ba‐M’hamed, Saadia; Bennis, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2019.01.010

Cited by 92 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Additionally, in accordance with data obtained in female Wistar rats exposed to 1% glyphosate during pregnancy 13,30 and lactation, 10 we observed lower BW gain during pregnancy and at the end of lactation in GBH dams. The dose used in our study is below the NOAEL of systemic toxicity in mice, 32,33 and organ weight (kidney and pancreas) did not change in the mothers that received glyphosate. It has been reported that pregnant rats exposed to 0.5% and 1% glyphosate demonstrate lower BW gain during gestation and several disruptions in isocitrate dehydrogenase NADP-dependent enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and malic dehydrogenase activities in the liver, heart, and brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The mean body weight (BW) of the animals in the glyphosate group was approximately 22 g. Average water intake of mice was 5 ml/d; therefore, the estimated used in the present study was about 420 mg/kg BW/day, representing a concentration below the no-observed adverse effect of level (NOAEL) of ROUNDUP in mice, which is 500 mg/kg BW/day. 32,33 The BWs of the mothers were recorded weekly during pregnancy and on the day of weaning. Mothers were then euthanized, and the kidney and pancreas were removed and weighed.…”

Section: Experimental Mice Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glyphosate-based herbicide exposure during pregnancy and lactation malprograms the male reproductive morphofunction in F1 offspring

Teleken

Gomes

Marmentini

et al. 2019

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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One of the most consumed pesticides in the world is glyphosate, the active ingredient in the herbicide ROUNDUP®. Studies demonstrate that glyphosate can act as an endocrine disruptor and that exposure to this substance at critical periods in the developmental period may program the fetus to induce reproductive damage in adulthood. Our hypothesis is that maternal exposure to glyphosate during pregnancy and lactation in mice will affect the development of male reproductive organs, impairing male fertility during adult life. Female mice consumed 0.5% glyphosate-ROUNDUP® in their drinking water [glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) group] or filtered water [control (CTRL) group] from the fourth day of pregnancy until the end of the lactation period. Male F1 offspring were designated, according to their mother’s treatment, as CTRL-F1 and GBH-F1. Female mice that drank glyphosate displayed reduced body weight (BW) gain during gestation, but no alterations in litter size. Although GBH male F1 offspring did not exhibit modifications in BW, they demonstrated delayed testicular descent. Furthermore, at PND150, GBH-F1 mice presented a lower number of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymis and reduced epithelial height of the seminiferous epithelium. Notably, intratesticular testosterone concentrations were enhanced in GBH-F1 mice; we show that it is an effect associated with increased plasma and pituitary concentrations of luteinizing hormone. Therefore, data indicate that maternal exposure to glyphosate-ROUNDUP® during pregnancy and lactation may lead to decreased spermatogenesis and disruptions in hypothalamus–pituitary–testicular axis regulation in F1 offspring.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Experimental Mice Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate-based herbicide exposure during pregnancy and lactation malprograms the male reproductive morphofunction in F1 offspring

Teleken

Gomes

Marmentini

et al. 2019

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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“…It is thought that depression is caused by the too low number of serotonin receptors. Experimental research on the effects of idazoxan and efaroxan on some oxidative stress markers in rats subjected to forced exercise in the treadmill test, suggests that idazoxan effects on the motor performances were more accentuated, but the antioxidant effects were of low intensity, compared with those of efaroxan, in forced locomotion test on rats [35].…”

Section: ): Control> Efr> Idzmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Idazoxan and Efaroxan Improves Memory and Cognitive Functions in Rats Experimental research

Rusu-Zota¹,

Timofte²,

Albu³

et al. 2019

Rev. Chim.

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Investigating the effects of idazoxan and efaroxan imidazoline receptor antagonists on cognitive functions with the rat Y-maze test; an internationally recognized experimental pattern of behavior, is to be used in order to evaluate the effects of test substances on the simple spatial memory of the laboratory animals. Our experimental evaluation tested the influence induced by idazoxan and efaroxan on the short-term memory on rats. In the experiment were used eighteen (18) male Wistar rats which were randomly divided into three groups (I - Control, II - IDZ and III - EFR) comprising of 6 animals each, treated intraperitoneally according to the following protocol: group I (Control): distilled water 0.5 mL/100 g body weight; group II (IDZ): idazoxan 3 mg/kg body weight; group III (EFR): efaroxan 1 mg/kg body weight. The purpose of this research was to assess the eligibility using the Y-maze test, involving: latency of the first arm visited, the number of arms visited, and the time spent into the arms, the number of returns of the experimental animals in the same arm, the number of alternations, percentage of spontaneous alternation. In this work, manifestations of the natural behavior of the animals tested was expressed by their choice of goal arm alternation. Statistical data processing reveals that: the administration of IDZ, as well as of EFR was accompanied by a tendency to enter a less recently visited arm and reduced the total number of arms visited, statistically significant (p[0.05) compared to control group. In this experiment, the use of these two imidazoline receptor antagonists did not considerably influence the reference memory, when pursuing the latency of the first arm visited, compared to the group treated with distilled water. The effects of IDZ and EFR on the percentage of time spent in the arms were sorted in descending order in this behavioral experimental model (IDZ]Control]EFR). The results demonstrate that the treatment with imidazoline agents optimizes the cognitive function of the animals, improving their learning ability, in the rat Y-maze Test. Regular exercise can reduce depression-, anxiety-, and impaired cognitive-like behaviors, and in conclusion these substances would be a useful pharmacological agents for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.

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“…Likewise, when pregnant rats were exposed to different levels of RoundUp V R in drinking water, their offspring showed reduced mobility (Gallegos et al 2016). Moreover, in mice fed RoundUp V R chronically or sub-chronically or exposed intranasally to Glifloglex V R , there was diminished memory, in particular in terms of recognition memory (Baier et al 2017;Ait Bali et al 2019). In their study, Ait Bali et al (2019) also observed a reduction in mouse learning abilities and acetylcholine esterase activity in the total brain as well as the hippocampus, the latter being known for its central role in memory formation.…”

Section: Neurologic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact and toxicity of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on health and immunity

Peillex

Pelletier

2020

Journal of Immunotoxicology

174

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Glyphosate, or N-phosphomethyl(glycine), is an organophosphorus compound and a competitive inhibitor of the shikimate pathway that allows aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in plants and microorganisms. Its utilization in broad-spectrum herbicides, such as RoundUp V R , has continued to increase since 1974; glyphosate, as well as its primary metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid, is measured in soils, water, plants, animals and food. In humans, glyphosate is detected in blood and urine, especially in exposed workers, and is excreted within a few days. It has long been regarded as harmless in animals, but growing literature has reported health risks associated with glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides. In 2017, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified glyphosate as "probably carcinogenic" in humans. However, other national agencies did not tighten their glyphosate restrictions and even prolonged authorizations of its use. There are also discrepancies between countries' authorized levels, demonstrating an absence of a clear consensus on glyphosate to date. This review details the effects of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on fish and mammal health, focusing on the immune system. Increasing evidence shows that glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides exhibit cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, increase oxidative stress, disrupt the estrogen pathway, impair some cerebral functions, and allegedly correlate with some cancers. Glyphosate effects on the immune system appear to alter the complement cascade, phagocytic function, and lymphocyte responses, and increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in fish. In mammals, including humans, glyphosate mainly has cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, causes inflammation, and affects lymphocyte functions and the interactions between microorganisms and the immune system. Importantly, even as many outcomes are still being debated, evidence points to a need for more studies to better decipher the risks from glyphosate and better regulation of its global utilization.

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Learning and memory impairments associated to acetylcholinesterase inhibition and oxidative stress following glyphosate based-herbicide exposure in mice

Cited by 92 publications

References 47 publications

Glyphosate-based herbicide exposure during pregnancy and lactation malprograms the male reproductive morphofunction in F1 offspring

Glyphosate-based herbicide exposure during pregnancy and lactation malprograms the male reproductive morphofunction in F1 offspring

The Effects of Idazoxan and Efaroxan Improves Memory and Cognitive Functions in Rats Experimental research

The impact and toxicity of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on health and immunity

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