The Effects of Idazoxan and Efaroxan Improves Memory and Cognitive Functions in Rats Experimental research

Abstract

Investigating the effects of idazoxan and efaroxan imidazoline receptor antagonists on cognitive functions with the rat Y-maze test; an internationally recognized experimental pattern of behavior, is to be used in order to evaluate the effects of test substances on the simple spatial memory of the laboratory animals. Our experimental evaluation tested the influence induced by idazoxan and efaroxan on the short-term memory on rats. In the experiment were used eighteen (18) male Wistar rats which were randomly divided into three groups (I - Control, II - IDZ and III - EFR) comprising of 6 animals each, treated intraperitoneally according to the following protocol: group I (Control): distilled water 0.5 mL/100 g body weight; group II (IDZ): idazoxan 3 mg/kg body weight; group III (EFR): efaroxan 1 mg/kg body weight. The purpose of this research was to assess the eligibility using the Y-maze test, involving: latency of the first arm visited, the number of arms visited, and the time spent into the arms, the number of returns of the experimental animals in the same arm, the number of alternations, percentage of spontaneous alternation. In this work, manifestations of the natural behavior of the animals tested was expressed by their choice of goal arm alternation. Statistical data processing reveals that: the administration of IDZ, as well as of EFR was accompanied by a tendency to enter a less recently visited arm and reduced the total number of arms visited, statistically significant (p[0.05) compared to control group. In this experiment, the use of these two imidazoline receptor antagonists did not considerably influence the reference memory, when pursuing the latency of the first arm visited, compared to the group treated with distilled water. The effects of IDZ and EFR on the percentage of time spent in the arms were sorted in descending order in this behavioral experimental model (IDZ]Control]EFR). The results demonstrate that the treatment with imidazoline agents optimizes the cognitive function of the animals, improving their learning ability, in the rat Y-maze Test. Regular exercise can reduce depression-, anxiety-, and impaired cognitive-like behaviors, and in conclusion these substances would be a useful pharmacological agents for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.

Effects of imidazoline agents in a rat conditioned place preference model of addiction

“…The last one, group 5 of animals (coded group 5), was injected with AG (24 mg/kg ip) and TR (40 mg/kg ip). The doses of the drugs used were concordant with those applied in other relevant research in the field and previous results from our laboratory (Jackson et al 1992;Taksande et al 2010;Rusu et al 2015;Esquivel-Franco et al 2018;Rusu-Zota et al 2019;Rusu-Zota et al 2021).…”

Idazoxan and Efaroxan Potentiate the Endurance Performances and the Antioxidant Activity of Ephedrine in Rats

“…In this regard, the administration of ephedrine 20 mg/kg has been used in studies pertaining to exercise fatigue in rats, whereas 3 mg/kg idazoxan and 1 mg/kg efaroxan were administered in combination with agmatine to test their influence on locomotor activity following experimentally-induced spinal cord injury [38,39]. Moreover, similar doses of idazoxan and efaroxan were used in studies pertaining to cognitive functions and animal models of depression [40,41]. Nevertheless, the potentially dose-dependent relationships between ephedrine + idazoxan and ephedrine + efaroxan combinations and their impact on rats' physical performance, cognitive issues and behavior remain to be fully described.…”