Leapfrog collaboration: Toward determinism and predictability in industrial-IoT applications

Papadopoulos, Georgios Z.; Matsui, Toshimitsu; Thubert, Pascal; Texier, Géraldine; Watteyne, Thomas; Montavont, Nicolas

doi:10.1109/icc.2017.7997160

Cited by 25 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Furthermore, each node collects the schedule information of neighboring nodes through overhearing and generates a schedule capable of parallel communication using the schedule information. The Leapfrog Collaboration [21] provided path diversity using redundant paths. The nodes select an alternative parent in addition to the default parent and create a timeslot schedule so that the same packet can be sent to both parents.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escalator: An Autonomous Scheduling Scheme for Convergecast in TSCH

Hwang

Kim

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) is widely used in the industrial wireless sensor networks due to its high reliability and energy efficiency. Various timeslot and channel scheduling schemes have been proposed for achieving high reliability and energy efficiency for TSCH networks. Recently proposed autonomous scheduling schemes provide flexible timeslot scheduling based on the routing topology, but do not take into account the network traffic and packet forwarding delays. In this paper, we propose an autonomous scheduling scheme for convergecast in TSCH networks with RPL as a routing protocol, named Escalator. Escalator generates a consecutive timeslot schedule along the packet forwarding path to minimize the packet transmission delay. The schedule is generated autonomously by utilizing only the local routing topology information without any additional signaling with other nodes. The generated schedule is guaranteed to be conflict-free, in that all nodes in the network could transmit packets to the sink in every slotframe cycle. We implement Escalator and evaluate its performance with existing autonomous scheduling schemes through a testbed and simulation. Experimental results show that the proposed Escalator has lower end-to-end delay and higher packet delivery ratio compared to the existing schemes regardless of the network topology.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escalator: An Autonomous Scheduling Scheme for Convergecast in TSCH

Hwang

Kim

et al. 2018

Sensors

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“…They also present the "Braided patter" which works similarly to the triangle pattern with the main difference being that the AP also has the chance to have an AP too. In our previous work [8], we used this algorithm. Figure (1b) shows an example of CA where node C is the AP of node D and A is the common ancestor (potential parent) of node D and C. In order to implement this algorithm, a node should advertise its list of potential parents to its children.…”

Section: Common Ancestor (Ca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However is has been shown that reliability performance can be mitigated in real environment, and the retransmission schemes employed when a packet is loss introduce significant delay and jitter. In our previous works, we introduced Leapfrog Collaboration (LFC) [8], [4] which allows nodes to select additional parents to create alternate paths. To do so, we used the PRE concept, in which several copies of a data packet are introduced in a network to increase the probability of reception at the root node.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-path Selection in RPL Based on Replication and Elimination

Jenschke

Koutsiamanis

Papadopoulos

et al. 2018

Ad-Hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks

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IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) is a distance vector routing protocol especially designed for the Internet of Things (IoT). RPL uses broadcast DODAG Information Object (DIO) messages to build a Destination Oriented Directed Acyclic Graph (DODAG) toward a root. Each node selects a parent node toward the root using a common Objective Function (OF). However, the use of a single route can affect the network reliability and the end-to-end latency. In this study, we propose to employ the Packet Replication and Elimination (PRE) principles to use parallel paths toward the DODAG root, over the IEEE 802.15.4 Time-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) as a medium access. To this aim, we propose number of algorithms to select the second or the alternative parent in RPL. Furthermore, we study the advantages of using overhearing feature over correlated paths. Our simulation campaign conducted over Cooja, the simulator of Contiki OS, demonstrate that the use of overhearing in conjunction with PRE in RPL considerably improves the robustness of a wireless network by providing greater opportunity to a packet to reach its destination.

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“…This article extends [10], making the following additional contributions: • It comes with over-provisioning strategy, where one additional timeslot is reserved per data transmission, to guarantee the ultra-high Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR). • It introduces a scheduler that is adapted to the topology, whereby each data packet is delivered to the destination within one slotframe (101 timeslots in our examples).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Best Effort to Deterministic Packet Delivery for Wireless Industrial IoT Networks

Koutsiamanis

Papadopoulos

Fafoutis

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.

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Wireless industrial networks require reliable and deterministic communication. Determinism implies that there must be a guarantee that each data packet will be delivered within a bounded delay. Moreover, it must ensure that the potential congestion or interference will not impact the predictable properties of the network. In 2016, IEEE 802.15.4-Time-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) emerged as an alternative Medium Access Control to the industrial standards such as WirelessHART and ISA100.11a. However, TSCH is based on traditional collision detection and retransmission, and can not guarantee reliable delivery within a given time. This article proposes LeapFrog Collaboration (LFC) to provide deterministic and reliable communication over an RPL-based network. LFC is a novel multi-path routing algorithm that takes advantage of route diversity by duplicating the data flow onto an alternate path. Simulations and analytical results demonstrate that LFC significantly outperforms the single-path retransmission-based approach of RPL+TSCH and the state-of-the-art LinkPeek solution.

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Leapfrog collaboration: Toward determinism and predictability in industrial-IoT applications

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Escalator: An Autonomous Scheduling Scheme for Convergecast in TSCH

Escalator: An Autonomous Scheduling Scheme for Convergecast in TSCH

Multi-path Selection in RPL Based on Replication and Elimination

From Best Effort to Deterministic Packet Delivery for Wireless Industrial IoT Networks

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