Leaf strength in four species of Chionochloa (Arundineae)

Connor, H. E.; Bailey, R. W.

doi:10.1080/0028825x.1972.10430243

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In earlier studies, grass leaf tensile strength was tested by placing leaf blades in clamps at a constant distance from the collar (Kneebone, 1960; Connor and Bailey, 1972) or by testing the middle segment of the leaf blade (Evans, 1967; Theron and Booysen, 1968; Inoue et al, 1989, 1994a). However, leaves tended to break at the clamp (Evans, 1967) because cross‐sectional area and therefore leaf strength was lower at one clamp than the other due to differences in leaf width (Kneebone, 1960; Martens and Booysen, 1968; John et al, 1989).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Leaf Strength to Cattle Preference in Tall Fescue Cultivars

MacAdam

Mayland

2003

Agronomy Journal

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Low values of leaf blade tensile and shear strength have been related to herbivore preference and intake in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and other forage grasses. This study examined relationships between leaf strength and cattle (Bos taurus) preference for eight cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Both tensile strength and shear strength of tall fescue leaf blades were measured, along with several leaf blade anatomical characteristics. Leaf tensile strength was negatively correlated (r = −0.20, P ≤ 0.01) with preference in this study. ‘Mozark’, the cultivar with the highest leaf tensile strength, also had the highest proportion of structural tissue in leaf blade transverse sections. Shear strength was also negatively correlated with preference (r = −0.16, P ≤ 0.05). Leaf strength of both chamber‐ and field‐grown plants was negatively correlated with both leaf blade width and thickness. Leaf width and thickness increased together and were positively correlated with preference in all experiments. Wider leaves also had greater distance between veins and therefore more mesophyll tissue volume. We concluded that leaf width would be a useful trait in the selection of grasses for cattle preference, since it would result in grasses with a higher proportion of cell contents to fiber. This conclusion is supported by the positive correlation of preference with total nonstructural carbohydrates in an earlier study of the same tall fescue cultivars.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Leaf Strength to Cattle Preference in Tall Fescue Cultivars

MacAdam

Mayland

2003

Agronomy Journal

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“…sampling dates. etc .• see Connor and Bailey (1972). Standard leaf blade samples were the second 10 cm segment above the ligule.…”

Section: Samples and Sampling Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural polysaccharides in leaf blades and sheaths in the Arundinoid grass Chionochloa

Bailey¹,

Connor²

1972

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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SUMMARYLevels of cellulose and hemicellulose were measured in standard leaf samples from four species of Chionochloa (C. flavescens. C. macra, C. Tigida, C. Tubra) after both acid hydrolysis and alkali fractionation. Characteristic ranges of 24-26% hemicellulose and 30-32% cellulose in the leaf samples were obtained. Chionochloa maCTa cellulose (26%) and C. flavescens hemicellulose (22%) were clearly below these values.

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“…Leaf strength and structural polysaccharides have been examined respectively by Connor & Bailey (1972) and Bailey & Connor (1972) in leaf blades and sheaths. These workers have indicated the intraspecific and interspecific variation in habitat and shoot composition for the few species studied from eastern South Island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation/soil relationships and distribution of selected macroelements within the shoots of tall-tussocks on the Murchison Mountains, Fiordland, New Zealand

Williams

Grigg²,

Nes³

et al. 1976

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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ABSTltACTThe vegetation/soil relationships of six tall-tussock (ClJ(onocllloa) species are described for the high rainrall environment of the Murchison Mountains in Fiordland. Soil profile features. bulk densities, and chemical properties including inorganic phosphorus fractions are described for the soils at a range of sites. Field collections of the tall·tussock shoots were divided into three components and analysed for selected macro-c:lements.For shoot dry weight the species arc in the order: C. {lallesuns (3.77 8) Variability in concentration of elements within the !lhoot is similar for all !lix species: Ca and Mg arc consistently higher, Nand S usually higher, K and Na consistently lower, in the green blades than in the sheaths. All elements e)(ccpt Ca and Mg afe lowest in the dead tips of the shooots. Variability in element concentration between tussocks of the aame species at one !lite is: Na > K, Mg, Ca, S > P, N.Significant differenccs exist in element coneer.tration between sites and species. The highest concentrations of P, N, K, Mg, and Ca are in C. pallens in the alrine zone, on youthful soils with high levels of total inorJanic P and high proportions 0 Ca·bound • ." developed on talus coneS. Shoot concentrations of these elements arc lower, but Na is higher, where C. pallens grows on older soils. C. acicu/arls, C. ,erell/olla, and C. crassiuscu/a are associated with the most organic ~oil. which have low levels of inorganic P and Ca. bound-Po Here the shoots of these specIes have low P, N, K, Mg. and Ca concentrations but C. crass;uscu/a shoots have high Na and S concentrations. 'Concentrations and weights of elements per shoot are highc:r in C. cra.fSluscu/a where it grows with C. pal/ens. These results arc discussed in relation to the processes of vegetationl soilaystem development in the alpine zone.~w levels of all elements are found in C. r"bra Jrowing in wet alluvial loils in the subalpine lone. C. //allescens in the alpine lone is asSOCiated with soils having low levels o( Ca-bound-P, and a low concentration of Ca in the shoots. These results are discussed in relation to the present taxonomic: status of the species.

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Leaf strength in four species of Chionochloa (Arundineae)

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

The Relationship of Leaf Strength to Cattle Preference in Tall Fescue Cultivars

The Relationship of Leaf Strength to Cattle Preference in Tall Fescue Cultivars

Structural polysaccharides in leaf blades and sheaths in the Arundinoid grass Chionochloa

Vegetation/soil relationships and distribution of selected macroelements within the shoots of tall-tussocks on the Murchison Mountains, Fiordland, New Zealand

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