Leaf Rust Resistance in Selected Uruguayan Common Wheat Cultivars with Early Maturity

Germán, Silvia; Kolmer, J. A.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2011.06.0335

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Pt race MCPSS was selected due to its ability to partially overcome the leaf rust resistance gene Lr26 present in the wild type BW (Germán and Kolmer 2012). The inoculated seedlings were phenotyped for infection type (IT) on a 0–4 scoring scale at 15 dpi.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of apoplast-targeted plant defensin MtDef4.2 confers resistance to leaf rust pathogen Puccinia triticina but does not affect mycorrhizal symbiosis in transgenic wheat

Kaur

Fellers

Adholeya³

et al. 2016

Transgenic Res

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Rust fungi of the order Pucciniales are destructive pathogens of wheat worldwide. Leaf rust caused by the obligate, biotrophic basidiomycete fungus Puccinia triticina (Pt) is an economically important disease capable of causing up to 50 % yield losses. Historically, resistant wheat cultivars have been used to control leaf rust, but genetic resistance is ephemeral and breaks down with the emergence of new virulent Pt races. There is a need to develop alternative measures for control of leaf rust in wheat. Development of transgenic wheat expressing an antifungal defensin offers a promising approach to complement the endogenous resistance genes within the wheat germplasm for durable resistance to Pt. To that end, two different wheat genotypes, Bobwhite and Xin Chun 9 were transformed with a chimeric gene encoding an apoplast-targeted antifungal plant defensin MtDEF4.2 from Medicago truncatula. Transgenic lines from four independent events were further characterized. Homozygous transgenic wheat lines expressing MtDEF4.2 displayed resistance to Pt race MCPSS relative to the non-transgenic controls in growth chamber bioassays. Histopathological analysis suggested the presence of both pre- and posthaustorial resistance to leaf rust in these transgenic lines. MtDEF4.2 did not, however, affect the root colonization of a beneficial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. This study demonstrates that the expression of apoplast-targeted plant defensin MtDEF4.2 can provide substantial resistance to an economically important leaf rust disease in transgenic wheat without negatively impacting its symbiotic relationship with the beneficial mycorrhizal fungus.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11248-016-9978-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of apoplast-targeted plant defensin MtDef4.2 confers resistance to leaf rust pathogen Puccinia triticina but does not affect mycorrhizal symbiosis in transgenic wheat

Kaur

Fellers

Adholeya³

et al. 2016

Transgenic Res

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“…Bobwhite carries the leaf rust resistance gene Lr26 that confers resistance to many leaf rust P. triticina races 26 . We screened three P. triticina races and found that Bobwhite was susceptible to race TFBJQ (Supplementary Table 1 ), which is virulent on Lr26 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning of the broadly effective wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr42 transferred from Aegilops tauschii

et al. 2022

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The wheat wild relative Aegilops tauschii was previously used to transfer the Lr42 leaf rust resistance gene into bread wheat. Lr42 confers resistance at both seedling and adult stages, and it is broadly effective against all leaf rust races tested to date. Lr42 has been used extensively in the CIMMYT international wheat breeding program with resulting cultivars deployed in several countries. Here, using a bulked segregant RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq) mapping strategy, we identify three candidate genes for Lr42. Overexpression of a nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NLR) gene AET1Gv20040300 induces strong resistance to leaf rust in wheat and a mutation of the gene disrupted the resistance. The Lr42 resistance allele is rare in Ae. tauschii and likely arose from ectopic recombination. Cloning of Lr42 provides diagnostic markers and over 1000 CIMMYT wheat lines carrying Lr42 have been developed documenting its widespread use and impact in crop improvement.

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“…These are the juvenile, adult or partial resistance, as well as their combination. Age-dependent and partial resistance is of special interest due to conferring long-term protection [23][24][25]. Genes for age resistance provide longer-lasting effect due to less time of selective pressure on the pathogen population.…”

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confidence: 99%

THE DIFFERENTIATION OF WINTER WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS FOR RESISTANCE TO THE MOST HARMFUL FUNGAL PATHOGENS

Киселева¹,

Kolomiets²,

Pakholkova³

et al. 2016

S-h. biol.

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Genetic homogeneity of wheat crops possessing inefficient resistance genes, together with large variability in the mycopathogen virulence result in increasing losses of the harvest from fungal diseases worldwide. Therefore, the persistent long-term resistance varieties are the main element in the strategy of integrated plant protection aimed at reducing risk of environmental pollution by fungicides. Updating the set of such varieties preserving efficiency in different agricultural systems, the regional planning of their placement in crops would be more effective to provide protection against mycopathogens and to constrict the spread of new virulence genes. We first performed a comprehensive assessment of resistance to major fungal pathogens for winter wheat varieties of different ecogeographical and breeding origin from the VIR World Collection (N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, St. Petersburg), the collections of Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture (KNIISH, South of Russia) and Nemchinovka Moscow Research Institute of Agriculture (MRIA, Central Russia). The goal was to select the donors of resistance to adverse biotic factors, including the most harmful diseases: brown rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.), stem rust (P. graminis Pers.), powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer f. sp. tritici Marchal.), Septoria (Septoria tritici Rob. et Desm. and Stagonospora nodorum Berk.) from the collections of VIR, KNIISH and MRIA. Among 158 winter wheat cultivars the field resistance to leaf rust has been showed in 8.9 %, to stem rust in 5.1 %, and to Septoria spp. in 1.3 %. No wheat cultivars were resistant to powdery mildew. Evaluation of wheat seedling resistance to leaf rust in a climatic chambers allowed to identify samples with adult and race-specific resistance. The Ukrainian varieties differed geographically in resistance to the leaf rust. The varieties resistant to two or more pathogens were the most important. Cultivars Junona, Tanya (KNIISH), Bogdanka (derived from Belgorod region.) have been possessed the resistance to leaf and stem rust. Cultivars Borvij, Zagrava odes'ka (Ukraine), Catalus (Germany) were partial resistant to leaf rust and moderate susceptible to Septoria spp. Cultivars Gyrmyzy Gjul' 1 (Azerbaijan), Catalus (Germany) were important due to their combined resistance to Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum. KS 93450 (USA) has combined partial resistance to leaf rust, moderate susceptibility to Septoria spp. and stem rust resistance. These samples can be further used in breeding.

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Leaf Rust Resistance in Selected Uruguayan Common Wheat Cultivars with Early Maturity

Abstract: Leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.) is an important disease of wheat {Triticum aestivum L.) in Uruguay; therefore breeding for resistance to this disease has been a long-term objective for the INIA wheat-breeding program.

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Expression of apoplast-targeted plant defensin MtDef4.2 confers resistance to leaf rust pathogen Puccinia triticina but does not affect mycorrhizal symbiosis in transgenic wheat

Expression of apoplast-targeted plant defensin MtDef4.2 confers resistance to leaf rust pathogen Puccinia triticina but does not affect mycorrhizal symbiosis in transgenic wheat

Cloning of the broadly effective wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr42 transferred from Aegilops tauschii

THE DIFFERENTIATION OF WINTER WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS FOR RESISTANCE TO THE MOST HARMFUL FUNGAL PATHOGENS

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