Leaf Infection and Yield Losses Caused by Brown Spot and Bacterial Blight Diseases of Soybean

Williams, Don J.; Nyvall, Robert F.

doi:10.1094/phyto-70-900

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…In these environments, the cultivars tested varied in susceptibility to brown spot (P 00.0004) with cultivar 12 (31-10RY) and cultivar 6 (S14-K6) among the least (12%) and most susceptible (24%) cultivars, respectively (Table 3). Similar levels for brown spot severity have previously been reported in soybean (Williams and Nyvall 1980;Lee and Hartman 1996;Cruz et al 2010), indicating that the cultivars used in the current study were neither highly tolerant nor highly susceptible.…”

Section: Disease Severitysupporting

confidence: 87%

“…However, attributing a high defoliation percentage of an individual cultivar to only brown spot susceptibility would be inappropriate as defoliation could be confounded with differences in inherent senescence since the cultivars used ranged in their relative maturity. For brown spot, accelerated, premature leaf loss during the seed filling period is the main cause of reduced soybean yield (Gray 1983) and even moderate levels of infection, as in the present study (Table 3), can cause extensive defoliation (Lee 1980;Williams and Nyvall 1980;Cooper 1989;Schuh and Adamowicz 1993). Using four successive 20% defoliation treatments, Vasilas et al (1989) mimicked the progression of leaf loss by brown spot around the R5 soybean growth stage and found that 80% defoliation caused a 9% yield loss.…”

Section: Plant Healthsupporting

confidence: 68%

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The effect of pyraclostrobin on soybean plant health, yield, and profitability in Ontario

2015

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. 2015. The effect of pyraclostrobin on soybean plant health, yield, and profitability in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 285Á292. Prophylactic fungicides have been advocated to manage foliar diseases, optimize plant heath, and increase yields. Studies were conducted in 2009, 2010, and 2011 using 20 soybean cultivars to determine if pyraclostrobin, a strobilurin, induced plant health effects to increase yield and profitability under conditions with low levels of foliar disease. Pyraclostrobin applied at the R3 stage significantly reduced leaf defoliation caused by brown spot (Septoria glycines Hemmi) compared with the untreated control with 27 and 45% defoliation, respectively, across all cultivars. Pyraclostrobin delayed maturity, but the response varied among cultivars. For example, cultivars with low levels of leaf defoliation responded with an increase in the number of days to maturity, whereas cultivars with high levels of defoliation generally did not. Pyraclostrobin increased yield by 4.1% compared with the untreated control across all cultivars with 4.49 and 4.31 t ha(1 harvested, respectively. Increased revenue from increased yield was offset by increased fungicide costs, resulting in a negligible effect on profitability; however, effects of pyraclostrobin application on profit margins in individual environments ranged from -$50.02 ha(1 in 2009 to $53.73 ha (1 in 2011. Overall, these results suggest that if environmental conditions are conducive for foliar disease, a pyraclostrobin application could be warranted.Key words: Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., brown spot, Septoria glycines Hemmi, strobilurin fungicide Mahoney, K. J., Vyn, R. J. et Gillard, C. L. 2015. Effets de la pyraclostrobine sur la hauteur des plants, le rendement et la rentabilite´du soja en Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 285Á292. On pre´conise l'application de fongicides a`titre pre´ventif pour combattre les maladies foliaires, pour optimiser la vigueur des plants et pour accroıˆtre le rendement. Les auteurs ont e´tudiev ingt cultivars de soja en 2009, 2010 et 2011 pour de´terminer si la pyraclostrobine, une strobilurine, agit sur la sante´des plants au point d'en accroıˆtre le rendement et la rentabilite´quand les maladies foliaires sont peu importantes. L'application de pyraclostrobine au stade R3 diminue de fac¸on significative la de´foliation attribuable a`la tache brune (Septoria glycines Hemmi), comparativement aux plants te´moins non traite´s, avec une de´foliation respective de 27 et de 45 %, tous cultivars confondus. La pyraclostrobine retarde la maturite´, mais cette re´action varie avec le cultivar. Ainsi, les varie´te´s peu atteintes par la de´foliation voient le nombre de jours avant la maturite´augmenter, ce qui n'est ge´ne´ralement pas le cas pour les cultivars tre`s de´feuille´s. La pyraclostrobine augmente le rendement de 4,1 % comparativement aux plants non traite´s servant de te´moins pour l'ensemble des cultivars, avec une re´colte respective de 4,49 et de 4,31 tonnes par hectare. La hausse du revenu re´sultant du...

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Section: Disease Severitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Plant Healthsupporting

confidence: 68%

The effect of pyraclostrobin on soybean plant health, yield, and profitability in Ontario

2015

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“…Reported yield reductions from artificial inoculation of S. g/ycine.s range from 12 to 34% (Williams and Nyvall 1979;Young and Ross 1979;Lim 1980 Yield reductions from brown soot arc associated with decrcaseti seed size (Lim 1980), with no change in seeds/pod or pods/plant (Pataky and Lim 1981). Gray (1983) concluded that brown spot reduces soybean yield through its effect on the plant during seedfill, specifically by increasing the rate of leaf loss.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Soybean to Lower-Canopy Defoliation During Seedfill

Vasilas¹,

Fuhrmann²,

Gray³

1989

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…This pathogen causes disease symptoms in all aboveground organs of plants, mostly on the leaves and seedlings. It has been observed that a more intensive attack can significantly reduce yield (Williams & Nyvall 1980, Kennedy & Alcorn 1980, Balaž & Aćimović 2008.…”

Section: Peronospora Manshuricamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of soybean resistance to pathogens

Vidić¹,

Đorđević²,

Petrović³

et al. 2013

Ratar i povrt

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Summary: This paper presents an overview of the research on soybean resistance to pathogens. The review included most harmful agents of soybean diseases in Serbia, as well as those that are potentially harmful. Development and cultivation of resistant cultivars is the most efficient, economical and environmentally acceptable control measure for plant disease. It points to the variability in pathogenicity (physiological races) of parasites, especially expressed in Phytophthora sojae, Peronospora manshurica and Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, which requires continuous breeding for resistance. Resistant, partially resistant and moderately susceptible genotypes, which are used as donors of resistance genes to different pathogens, are listed in this paper. Also, avirulent genes in the parasite and resistance genes in soybean are indicated. Gene mapping significantly contributes to better understanding of the mode of inheritance and consequently, more efficient breeding for disease resistance. Significant improvement is expected by using molecular techniques, especially in dealing with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea and Phomopsis longicolla. For these parasites only partial resistance has been reported but not complete resistance.

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Leaf Infection and Yield Losses Caused by Brown Spot and Bacterial Blight Diseases of Soybean

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of pyraclostrobin on soybean plant health, yield, and profitability in Ontario

The effect of pyraclostrobin on soybean plant health, yield, and profitability in Ontario

Response of Soybean to Lower-Canopy Defoliation During Seedfill

Review of soybean resistance to pathogens

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