Leaf development in the tropical leguminous tree Copaifera in relation to microlepidopteran herbivory

Langenheim, Jean H.; Macedo, Cynthia A.; Ross, Malcolm K.; Stubblebine, Will H.

doi:10.1016/0305-1978(86)90085-2

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Plants of the Apiaceae family usually have terpenes, another important chemical group involved in plantinsect interactions. Terpenes, together with moisture, nitrogen, phenolics and toughness have a significant role in the relationships between two leguminous genera (Copaifera and Hymenaea) and their main lepidopteran herbivores in a cerrado region (Langenheim et al, 1986a(Langenheim et al, , 1986bMacedo & Langenheim, 1989a, 1989b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect folivory in Didymopanax vinosum (Apiaceae) in a vegetation mosaic of Brazilian cerrado

Varanda

Pais

2006

Braz. J. Biol.

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Susceptibility of Didymopanax vinosum (Apiaceae) to insect herbivores was investigated in three sites of a cerrado mosaic -composed of campo cerrado (a grassland with scattered trees and shrubs), cerradão (a tall woodland) and cerrado sensu stricto (intermediate between the two) -situated in Cerrado Pé-deGigante, Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, SP, Brazil. We also examined the relationship of folivory with the composition and abundance of the insect herbivore fauna, and with several nutritional and defensive plant characteristics (water, nitrogen, cellulose, lignin, tannin leaf contents, and leaf toughness). We collected insects associated with D. vinosum every month, and we measured leaf damage every three months. In general, the annual folivory differed among sites. It reached the highest rates in site 1 and site 3: 7.33 and 8.5 percent, respectively. Only 1.32 percent of annual folivory was observed in site 2. These levels resulted from the higher abundance, in sites 1 and 3, of the thrips Liothrips didymopanacis (Phlaeothripidae), the most abundant herbivore sampled, responsible for more than 90 percent of the observed damage. However, no significant relationship was found between insect activity and the chemical and physical composition of the leaves. Our findings suggest that, at least in this species, other chemical compounds or variables related to plant apparency and resource availability to herbivores (e.g. plant architecture) might play a more decisive role in the spatial variation of folivory than the nutritional and defensive traits that were analyzed.Keywords: cerrado, Didymopanax vinosum, folivory, herbivory, plant defenses. RESUMO Folivoria por insetos em Didymopanax vinosum (Apiaceae) em um mosaico de vegetação no cerrado brasileiroA susceptibilidade de Didymopanax vinosum (Apiaceae) a insetos herbívoros foi investigada em três localidades de um mosaico de cerrado -composto de campo cerrado, cerrado sensu stricto e cerradão -localizado no Cerrado Pé-de-Gigante, Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, SP, Brasil. Nosso objetivo foi também relacionar a folivoria com a composição e abundância da fauna de insetos herbívoros, e com várias características nutritivas e defensivas da planta (conteúdo foliar de água, nitrogênio, celulose, lignina, taninos e dureza foliar). Para tanto, coletamos mensalmente os insetos associados a D. vinosum e a cada três meses medimos as injúrias foliares. De modo geral, a herbivoria anual variou entre as localidades. Os maiores valores foram encontrados em plantas da localidade 1 e localidade 3: 7,33 e 8,5 por cento, aproximadamente, contra apenas 1,32 por cento na localidade 2. Esses níveis são resultado da maior abundância, nas localidades 1 e 3, do trips Liothrips didymopanacis (Phlaeothripidae), o principal herbívoro amostrado, responsável por mais de 90% das injúrias observadas. Entretanto, não se encontrou relação entre a atividade desses insetos e a composição química e física das folhas. Nossos resultados indicam que, ao menos para esta espécie, outros compostos químico...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect folivory in Didymopanax vinosum (Apiaceae) in a vegetation mosaic of Brazilian cerrado

Varanda

Pais

2006

Braz. J. Biol.

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“…There are large amounts of monoterpenoids and their derivates in Artemisia species (Ahmad and Misra, 1994). Large variations in the amounts of the constituents were found to due to plant age (Langenheim et aL, 1986), season (Nerg et al, 1994), and in comparision of tissues of individuals (Kristina et al, 1996). A previous study of A. princeps var.…”

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confidence: 89%

Variation of monoterpenoids inartemisia feddei andArtemisia scoparia

Kim

1997

J. Plant Biol.

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The composition and concentration of monoterpenoids in the leaves and stems of Artemisia feddei and Artemisia scoparia were determined, and seasonal variation in the monoterpenoids of Artemisia species were investigated. The two species possessed different compositions and concentrations of monoterpenoids. The total amount of monoterpenoid in A. scoparia was always higher than that of A. feddei, and the monoterpenoid yields of leaves were higher than stem yields in both species as compounds formed. The major constituents of A. scoparia were 25 while A. feddei consisted of 26 compounds. Sixteen common monoterpenoid compounds were found in both plants. Large differences in the relative amounts of the monoterpenoids were found between species and seasons. Extremely large differences in the relative amounts of naphtalene, sabinene, ~-pinene, cyclohexene, and octatrine were found in the leaf monoterpenoids of the two species. The largest differences in relative amounts of stem monoterpenoids were in s abinene and lS-pinene levels.

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“…In contrast, high-molecular weight digestability-reducing compounds tend to be more abundantly present in old leaves (Rhoades & Cates 1976;Cates 1980). Leaf nitrogen content seems to universally decrease with the increasing leaf age (Raupp & Denno 1983;Langenheim et al 1986;Meyer & Montgomery 1987;JulkunenTiitto 1989;Denno et al 1990;Van Dam et al 1995). Several species of insect herbivores prefer the young leaves of their hosts over conspecific older leaves, and many insects also perform better on young leaves (Rhoades & Cates 1976;Cates 1980;Raupp & Denno 1983;Raupp 1985;Bingaman & Hart 1992;Van Dam et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferences of six leaf beetle species among qualitatively different leaf age classes of three Salicaceous host species

Ikonen

2002

Chemoecology

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As Salicaceous plants produce new leaves for a prolonged period of time, they expose a wide range of differentially aged leaves to herbivores during the growing season. In this work, I show that young leaves of three Salicaceous species, Populus tremula L., Salix phylicifolia L. and S. pentandra L., contain more nitrogen than conspecific old leaves. In P. tremula and S. pentandra young leaves also contained more lowmolecular weight secondary compounds, phenolic glucosides. Leaves of S. phylicifolia did not contain phenolic glucosides in detectable amounts. Furthermore, in P. tremula and S. pentandra young leaves contained less polymeric digestability-reducing phenolics, condensed tannins, than old leaves. In S. phylicifolia, higher concentrations of condensed tannins were found in young leaves. In laboratory feeding trials with six leaf beetle species, young leaves of the studied plants were invariably preferred in all tested herbivore × host species combinations. In particular, it is remarkable that three leaf beetle species with known different overall relationships to phenolic glucosides equally preferred more glucoside-containing young S. pentandra leaves over conspecific old ones. Four beetle species were found to prefer young leaves of S. phylicifolia despite the higher content of condensed tannins in young leaves. These results indicate that the general preference of leaf beetles for young leaves of Salicaceous plants probably does not primarily result from variable distribution of secondary compounds. Apparently, the preference for young leaves is fundamentally due to variation in leaf nutritive traits, such as nitrogen content.

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Leaf development in the tropical leguminous tree Copaifera in relation to microlepidopteran herbivory

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

Insect folivory in Didymopanax vinosum (Apiaceae) in a vegetation mosaic of Brazilian cerrado

Insect folivory in Didymopanax vinosum (Apiaceae) in a vegetation mosaic of Brazilian cerrado

Variation of monoterpenoids inartemisia feddei andArtemisia scoparia

Preferences of six leaf beetle species among qualitatively different leaf age classes of three Salicaceous host species

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