Leads from Physical, Chemical, and Thermal Characterization on Cytotoxic Effects of Xylan-Based Microparticles

Marcelino, Henrique Rodrigues; Silva, Acarilia Eduardo da; Gomes, Monique Christine Salgado; Oliveira, Elquio Eleamen; Nagashima-Júnior, Toshiyuki; Pinheiro, G.S.; Silva, Acarizia Eduardo da; Timóteo, Ana Rafaela de Souza; Agnez-Lima, Lucymara Fassarella; Ayala, A. P.; Oliveira, Anselmo Gomes de; Egito, Eryvaldo Sócrates Tabosa do

doi:10.3390/polym7111515

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Therefore, the presence of some broken AXM could be related to the freeze-drying process used prior to the SEM analyses. The freeze-drying process involves the formation of ice-crystals which can disrupt the structure of the material as has been reported previously in freeze-dried xylan-based microparticles [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In that study, the cell viability values (~96%) were close to those observed in the non-cancerous cell line (CCD 841 CoN) treated with AXM, which was evaluated in the present study. Moreover, Rodrigues et al [59] found that xylan was biocompatible with HeLa cells in the range of 4.1–12.4 mg/mL due to the non-toxic and highly safe characteristics of the biopolymer. The observations found in the present study demonstrate that AX and AXM exhibit good biocompatibility and do not have a cytotoxic effect on the normal human colon cell line CCD 841 CoN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arabinoxylan-Based Particles: In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxicity on a Human Colon Cell Line

Méndez-Encinas¹,

Carvajal-Millán²,

Rascón‐Chu³

et al. 2019

Medicina

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Background and objectives: Arabinoxylans (AX) can gel and exhibit antioxidant capacity. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential application of AX microspheres as colon-targeted drug carriers. However, the cytotoxicity of AX gels has not been investigated so far. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to prepare AX-based particles (AXM) by coaxial electrospraying method and to investigate their antioxidant potential and cytotoxicity on human colon cells. Materials and Methods: The gelation of AX was studied by monitoring the storage (G′) and loss (G′′) moduli. The morphology of AXM was evaluated using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The in vitro antioxidant activity of AX before and after gelation was measured using the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. In addition, the effect of AX and AXM on the proliferation of human colon cells (CCD 841 CoN) was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: The final G′ and G′′ values for AX gels were 293 and 0.31 Pa, respectively. AXM presented spherical shape and rough surface with a three-dimensional and porous network. The swelling ratio and mesh size of AXM were 35 g water/g AX and 27 nm, respectively. Gelation decreased the antioxidant activity of AX by 61–64 %. AX and AXM did not affect proliferation or show any toxic effect on the normal human colon cell line CCD 841 CoN. Conclusion: The results indicate that AXM could be promising biocompatible materials with antioxidant activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabinoxylan-Based Particles: In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxicity on a Human Colon Cell Line

Méndez-Encinas¹,

Carvajal-Millán²,

Rascón‐Chu³

et al. 2019

Medicina

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“…The preparation of microparticles based on hydrophilic polymers, such as polysaccharides derivatives, using techniques based on emulsion templates, majorly requires the use of organic solvents in order to form the hydrophilic and hydrophobic phases in which the internal hydrophilic phase contains the polymer [1][2][3]. In addition, together with the use of crosslinkers such as glutaraldehyde and terephthaloyl chloride, the microparticles produced by this way may present an important degree of toxicity [1,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously mentioned, the preparation of polysaccharide-based microparticles, including xylan-based microparticles (XBM), mostly requires the use of organic/harmful solvents such as cyclohexane, and crosslinkers, such as terephthaloyl chloride, during their preparation [1,9,10]. On this behalf, the water-in-water emulsion approach can produce microparticles by the mixture of two immiscible aqueous polymeric solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water-in-Water Emulsion as a New Approach to Produce Mesalamine-Loaded Xylan-Based Microparticles

et al. 2019

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The water-in-water emulsion method has been reported as a technique able to prepare microparticles without using harmful solvents. However, there are few reports showing the encapsulation of small molecules into microparticles produced within this technique. The probable reason relays on the rapid diffusion of these molecules from the discontinuous phase to the continuous phase. In the present study, xylan microparticles containing mesalamine were produced and the doubled crosslinking approach, used to promote higher encapsulation rates, was disclosed. To achieve this goal, a 23 full factorial design was carried out. The results revealed that all formulations presented spherical-shaped microparticles. However, at specific conditions, only few formulations reached up to 50% of drug loading. In addition, the new xylan-based microparticles formulation retained almost 40% of its drug content after 12 h of a dissolution assay likely due to the degree of crosslinking. Thus, the doubled crosslinking approach used was effective on the encapsulation of mesalamine and may pave the way to successfully produce other polysaccharide-based carriers for clinical use.

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Fungicide‐loaded and biodegradable xylan‐based nanocarriers

et al. 2020

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The delivery of agrochemicals is typically achieved by the spraying of fossil‐based polymer dispersions, which might accumulate in the soil and increase microplastic pollution. A potentially sustainable alternative is the use of biodegradable nano‐ or micro‐formulations based on biopolymers, which can be degraded selectively by fungal enzymes to release encapsulated agrochemicals. To date, no hemicellulose nanocarriers for drug delivery in plants have been reported. Xylan is a renewable and abundant feedstock occurring naturally in high amounts in hemicellulose ‐ a major component of the plant cell wall. Herein, xylan from corncobs was used to produce the first fungicide‐loaded xylan‐based nanocarriers by interfacial polyaddition in an inverse miniemulsion using toluene diisocyanate (TDI) as a crosslinking agent. The nanocarriers were redispersed in water and the aqueous dispersions were proven to be active in vitro against several pathogenic fungi, which are responsible for fungal plant diseases in horticulture or agriculture. Besides, empty xylan‐based nanocarriers stimulated the growth of fungal mycelium, which indicated the degradation of xylan in the presence of the fungi, and underlined the degradation as a trigger to release a loaded agrochemical. This first example of crosslinked xylan‐based nanocarriers expands the library of biodegradable and biobased nanocarriers for agrochemical release and might play a crucial role for future formulations in plant protection.

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Leads from Physical, Chemical, and Thermal Characterization on Cytotoxic Effects of Xylan-Based Microparticles

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Arabinoxylan-Based Particles: In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxicity on a Human Colon Cell Line

Arabinoxylan-Based Particles: In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxicity on a Human Colon Cell Line

Water-in-Water Emulsion as a New Approach to Produce Mesalamine-Loaded Xylan-Based Microparticles

Fungicide‐loaded and biodegradable xylan‐based nanocarriers

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