Lead-the Toxic Metal to Stay With Human

Srianujata, Songsak

doi:10.2131/jts.23.supplementii_237

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The use of lead pipes for the domestic supply of water has been shown to be linked in a negative way to impaired neurological development in children (50,71), and exposure to lead can also produce cognitive and behavioral effects (63). Lead paint can also be a source of toxicity (42).…”

Section: Shawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing and Public Health

Shaw

2004

Annu. Rev. Public Health

603

457

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Key Words home, neighborhood, habitat, direct and indirect determinantss Abstract This review considers the broad area of housing and public health, one of the traditional and core areas of public health research and intervention. The review takes into account the range of factors, acting at different levels, directly and indirectly, through which housing affects health. In public health terms, housing affects health in a myriad of relatively minor ways, in total forming one of the key social determinants of health. The paper closes by considering how the improvement of housing and neighborhoods has been a core activity of public health and a central component in tackling poverty. Investment in housing can be more than an investment in bricks and mortar: It can also form a foundation for the future health and well-being of the population. Addressing poor-quality housing and detrimental neighborhoods, in the broadest sense, is thus a task that should be grasped with vigor and determination by all those involved in public health.

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Section: Shawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing and Public Health

Shaw

2004

Annu. Rev. Public Health

603

457

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“…Today, this heavy metal is primarily found in leaded gasoline, paint, house dust, and some industrial products, such as glazes, coloring for ceramics, hose, and pipes (Tong et al 2000;Srianujata 1997). Although in many developed countries lead has been eliminated from paint and gasoline, citizens of big cities still have bigger risk of environmental exposure to lead than do inhabitants of rural areas (Srianujata 1997). For adults, acute occupational lead poisoning is becoming a less important issue due to better working conditions and significant improvements in protective standards (Kazantzis 1989).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Effects of Lead in Young and Adult Fisher 344 Rats

Aykin-Burns

Laegeler

Kellogg³

et al. 2003

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Abstract. Lead poisoning has been extensively studied over the years. Many adverse physiological and behavioral impacts on the human body have been reported due to the entry of this heavy metal. It especially affects the neural development of children. The current study investigates the effect of lead exposure in young (1.5 months) and adult (10 months) male Fisher 344 rats. Five weeks of lead administration resulted in a profound change in the lead levels in the red blood cells (RBCs) of the young lead-exposed group (37.0 Ϯ 4.47 g/dl) compared to the control (Ͻ1 g/dl) and adult (27.4 Ϯ 8.38 g/dl) lead-exposed groups. Therefore, this study confirms the fact that gastrointestinal absorption of lead in young is greater than that of adults. Furthermore, glutathione and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) levels in RBCs, liver, and brain tissues were measured to determine thiol status; malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of lipid peroxidation and catalase activity were measured to assess changes in oxidative stress parameters. Liver GSSG and MDA levels were significantly higher in the young leadexposed group than those in the adult lead-exposed group. In RBCs and brains, however, adult lead-exposed animals have shown more elevated MDA levels than young animals exposed to the same lead treatment.

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“…Children are more vulnerable to lead exposure than adults because of the frequency of pica, hand-to -mouth activity, and a greater rate of intestinal absorption and retention, Lead has a potent preferential susceptibility of the highly vascularized organs and even organized compartments [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Lead Hepatotoxicity; Histological, Histochemical and Ultrastructural Study

Hegazy¹,

Fouad²

2014

FMAR

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Lead is one of the most well-known naturally occurring environmental heavy metals. This experimental study was designed to evaluate lead induced toxic effects on hepatocytes and lobular architecture as judged microscopically. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in anatomy department, Benha faculty of medicine, Benha University, Egypt from May to October 2013 on 30 normal adult albino rats divided into 3 groups; one control and 2 experimental groups. The experimental groups were given 0.13% lead acetate solution in drinking water for 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Animals were scarified and livers were removed and used to identify microscopic changes. Specimens were stained with Hematoxylin and eosin, with Masson trichrome stain for study of fibrous tissue and with periodic acid shiff's (PAS) to study the glycogen content . Other specimens were prepared for ultrastructural study. Results: Mild lymphocytic infiltration, vacuolar degeneration and mild increase of periportal fibrosis with mild depletion of glycogen content and partial disappearance of glycogen vacuoles were reported in animals received contaminated water for 4 weeks. Animals maintained for 8 weeks on contaminated water showed hepatic changes in the form of abundant lymphocytic infiltration, increased cellular polymorphism, pyknotic nuclei and areas of cell necrosis with evident moderate periportal fibrosis and marked vacuolar degeneration associated with marked depletion of glycogen content. Ultrastructural study revealed mitochondrial edema, appearance of interstitial inflammatory cells, and appearance of scattered variable sized lead electron-dense inclusion bodies. Conclusion: It could be concluded that chronic exposure to lead imposes a potent toxic effect on liver cells manifested as glycogen depletion, cellular infiltration and liver architecture in the form of initiation of periportal fibrosis that may progress to liver cirrhosis.

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Lead-the Toxic Metal to Stay With Human

Cited by 39 publications

References 2 publications

Housing and Public Health

Housing and Public Health

Oxidative Effects of Lead in Young and Adult Fisher 344 Rats

Evaluation of Lead Hepatotoxicity; Histological, Histochemical and Ultrastructural Study

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