Lead production from recycled paste of lead acid batteries with SiC-Na2CO3

Sánchez, Mario; Gutierrez, P Victor Hugo; Cruz, R Alejandro; Sánchez, Adolfo

doi:10.3103/s1067821216040118

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Taking these requirements into account, the pyrometallurgical route appears to be more suitable in the recovery of antimony from the recycling of lead acid battery terminals. Mixtures of Na2CO3 and SiC were used successfully for the lead paste reduction obtained from the recycling of lead-acid batteries by a pyrometallurgical route where a high lead recovery was obtained [20]. Thus, SiC was chosen as a reducing agent instead of traditionally used carbon for the antimony oxides reduction, with the advantage at the same time of both, the possibility of the formation of a stable slag based on silicates structures and to provide carbon as a reducing agent of antimony oxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimony recovery from recycled terminals of lead-acid batteries with Na2CO3 and SiC after firstly SsB2O3 formation

Jiménez-Lugos

Sánchez-Alvarado

Cruz-Ramírez

et al. 2022

J min metall B Metall

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Terminals obtained from spent lead-acid batteries in Mexico contain around 2 wt% Sb. The terminals were melted in an electric furnace and then oxygen was injected to 750?C and a gas flow rate of 2 L/min to produce high purity Sb2O3. The antimony trioxide obtained was treated with a mixture of Na2CO3-SiC to 1000?C to obtain metallic antimony. The antimony trioxide is reduced by the C present in reagents while silicon and sodium form a slag phase. The amounts of Sb2O3 and SiC were held constant while the Na2CO3 was evaluated in the range from 30 to 42 wt%. The antimony and slag produced were characterized by X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDS techniques. The addition of 34 wt% Na2CO3 leading the recovery of antimony up to 90.16 wt% (99.57 wt% purity) and the lowest antimony losses in the slag (2 wt%). In addition, the compounds Na2SiO3 and Na2Si2O5 formed in the slag may indicate a more stable slag. Na2CO3 contents higher than 38 wt% decreased the antimony recovery since it promotes the Na2Sb4O7 compound in the slag. The oxidation and reduction process was modeled in FactSage 7.3 software for a better understanding of the Na2CO3 and SiC additions on the antimony recovery rates and compounds formed in the slag.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimony recovery from recycled terminals of lead-acid batteries with Na2CO3 and SiC after firstly SsB2O3 formation

Jiménez-Lugos

Sánchez-Alvarado

Cruz-Ramírez

et al. 2022

J min metall B Metall

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“…Additionally, soda ash slags and SiC have been tested successfully in the recovery of secondary lead [11], since reducing agent C and sodium silicate can be produced from Na 2 CO 3 and SiC interaction as is shown in reaction (3). Nonetheless the input raw material in those cases, lead, is meanly presented as oxides and/or in sulfates form, with the advantage of fewer impurities and minerals species than those presented in a lead concentrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Recovery from a Lead Concentrate throughout Direct Smelting Reduction Process with Mixtures of Na2CO3 and SiC to 1000 °C

Pérez

Hernández

Alvarado

et al. 2021

Metals

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Lead was recovered through a direct smelting reduction route from a lead concentrate by using mixtures of Na2CO3 and SiC to 1000 °C. The lead concentrate was obtained from the mining State of Zacatecas, México by traditional mineral processing and froth flotation. The experimental trials showed that 86 wt.% of lead with a purity up to 97% can be recovered from the lead concentrate by a single step reduction process when 40 wt.% Na2CO3 and 0.4 g SiC were used in the initial charge. The process was modeled in the thermodynamic software FactSage 7.3 to evaluate the effect of adding different amounts of Na2CO3 on the lead recovery rates while holding constant the SiC amount and temperature. The stability phase diagram obtained showed that an addition of 34 wt.% Na2CO3 was enough to reach the highest lead recovery. It was observed that the interaction of Na2CO3 and SiC at a high temperature promotes the formation of C and Na2O, and SiO2, respectively, where the Na2O partially bonds with silica and sulfur forming Na2S and sodium silicates which may decrease the SO2 emissions and increase the weather degradation of the slag. The PbS was mainly reduced by the produced C and CO formed by the interaction between Na2CO3 and SiC at 1000 °C. The predicted results reasonably match with those obtained experimentally in the lead recovery rates and compounds formation.

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An improved optimization model for predicting Pb recovery efficiency from residual of liberator cells: a hybrid of support vector regression and modified tunicate swarm algorithm

Abdolinejhad

Khayati

Raiszadeh

et al. 2021

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Lead production from recycled paste of lead acid batteries with SiC-Na2CO3

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Antimony recovery from recycled terminals of lead-acid batteries with Na2CO3 and SiC after firstly SsB2O3 formation

Antimony recovery from recycled terminals of lead-acid batteries with Na2CO3 and SiC after firstly SsB2O3 formation

Lead Recovery from a Lead Concentrate throughout Direct Smelting Reduction Process with Mixtures of Na2CO3 and SiC to 1000 °C

An improved optimization model for predicting Pb recovery efficiency from residual of liberator cells: a hybrid of support vector regression and modified tunicate swarm algorithm

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