“…A significant body of research has documented the effects of prenatal and childhood exposure to lead on children's current and prospective developmental functioning in middleincome, newly industrial countries such as China (Shen, Yan, & Guo, 1998;Tang et al, 2008;Wang, Xu, Zhang, & Wang, 1989), India (Ahamed, Singh, Behari, Kumar, & Siddiqui, 2007;Patel, Mamtani, Thakre, & Kulkarni, 2006), the Philippines (Solon et al, 2008) and Malaysia (Zailina, Junidah, Josephine, & Jamal, 2008). Similar impacts have been documented in Egypt (Mostafa, El-Shahawi, & Mokhtar, 2009), Mexico (Acosta-Saavedra et al, 2011;Hu et al, 2006;Kordas et al, 2006), Peru (Vega-Dienstmaier et al, 2006), and Bolivia (Ruiz-Castell et al, 2012). Importantly, lead levels in these and other countries in the global South are still high and largely unregulated (Karrari, Mehrpour, & Abdollahi, 2012;Shen et al, 1998;Tong, von Schirnding, & Prapamontol, 2000;Walker et al, 2007).…”