Lead‐Free Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Challenges, Applications, and Future Aspects

Ghosh, Srijon; Pradhan, Bapi

doi:10.1002/cnma.201800645

Cited by 76 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…However, as is the case for the perovskite solar cells being pushed toward the market, and the cadmium-containing quantum dots already used in QLED displays, the poor performance of nontoxic alternatives leaves the toxic material as the only currently viable option. [128][129][130] Unsurprisingly, there is great interest in identifying and developing suitable lead-free alternatives. [130,131] Research Figure 16.…”

Section: Lead-free Perovskite Nanocrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Room Temperature Syntheses toward Commercial Viability

Brown

Bahulayan

Jiang

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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In this progress report, recent improvements to the room temperaturesyntheses of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (APbX3, X = Cl, Br, I) are assessed, focusing on various aspects which influence the commercial viability of the technology. Perovskite nanocrystals can be prepared easily from low‐cost precursors under ambient conditions, yet they have displayed near‐unity photoluminescence quantum yield with narrow, highly tunable emission peaks. In addition to their impressive ambipolar charge carrier mobilities, these properties make lead halide perovskite nanocrystals very attractive for light‐emitting diode (LED) applications. However, there are still many practical hurdles preventing commercialization. Recent developments in room temperature synthesis and purification protocols are reviewed, closely evaluating the suitability of particular techniques for industry. This is followed by an assessment of the wide range of ligands deployed on perovskite nanocrystal surfaces, analyzing their impact on colloidal stability, as well as LED efficiency. Based on these observations, a perspective on important future research directions that can expedite the industrial adoption of perovskite nanocrystals is provided.

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Section: Lead-free Perovskite Nanocrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Room Temperature Syntheses toward Commercial Viability

Brown

Bahulayan

Jiang

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…Although there are reports on enhanced stability, long term stability in operation still remains a challenge in most of the perovskite gain materials. Additionally, all of the above‐mentioned perovskite nanowires lasers are Pb‐based, which might hinder everyday technological applications as Pb is highly poisonous for humans …”

Section: Spectral Tuning Of Nanowire Lasing Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring Spectral and Temporal Properties of Semiconductor Nanowire Lasers

Zapf

Sidiropoulos

Röder

2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors -ITRS 2.0" follows this generalized approach by combining the schemes "More-than-Moore" and "More Moore." The first one wants to incorporate (nondigital) functionalities into devices and systems providing additional value in different ways, while the second scheme aims for a continued shrinking of the physical dimensions of electrical switches in order to reduce cost and increase their performance. [1] Thus, the "Morethan-Moore" scheme considers promising (nano)photonic components to play a key role either as lasers, waveguides, or photo detectors in system on a chip devices (SoC) and optical interconnects (OI). These approaches require optical devices/ coherent light sources with a nanoscaled footprint available by low cost fabrication methods.In parallel, after the development of the first laser, [2] the applications of lasers have been extended into many different scientific areas as well as in many aspects of industrial and public life such as material modification/analysis, spectroscopy, medicine, optics, etc. [3] Along with these important innovations, there has always been the strong aim to miniaturize the laser devices, [4] which partially goes along with the need for miniaturized lasers in SoCs and OIs. The successive miniaturization already had strong impact on technologies like optical communication and furthermore led to microdisk lasers, [5] vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, [6] and photonic crystal lasers [7] based on semiconductor materials. However, the fundamental research in the past decade focused on investigating, exploring, and developing nanoscaled coherent light sources with even smaller footprint that can be integrated in SoCs/OIs, as envisaged by "More-than-Moore." Therefore, semiconductor nanowirebased lasers belong to the heavily investigated model systems, as they can be synthesized cheaply and offer an exceptionally small footprint. The scope of this review is thus to report on recent developments of individual semiconductor nanowires as potential nanoscaled coherent light sources with promising spectral and temporal lasing characteristics, which both need to be fully understood and optimized in order to unleash the potential of semiconductor nanowire lasers for a huge amount of on-chip applications. Note that the terms nanowires, nanorods, and nanopillars are treated equally within this review.Semiconductor optoelectronics have contributed tremendously to various aspects of the technological progress in the past. Recently, they also stimulate research in nanophotonics seeking to overcome the inherent limitations of electronic integrated circuits and satisfy the growing demand for faster onchip communications. In particular, nanowire (NW) lasers generate coherent light at the nanoscale and meanwhile work consistently at room temperature covering a huge spectral range from the ultraviolet down to the mid-infrared depending on the NW material. The underlying physics of their electronic and photonic systems are also studied very recently, thus...

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“…The first Review concentrates on light‐emitting device applications of LFHP NCs . The second is a Minireview that provides a brief introduction on synthesis, stability and application of currently studied LFHP NCs with a few insights into crystal structure, and optical properties . The third only gives an overview of the band‐gap engineering and stability of double LFHP NCs …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead‐Free Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Crystal Structures, Synthesis, Stabilities, and Optical Properties

et al. 2019

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In recent years, there have been rapid advances in the synthesis of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) for use in solar cells, light emitting diodes, lasers, and photodetectors. These compounds have a set of intriguing optical, excitonic, and charge transport properties, including outstanding photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and tunable optical band gap. However, the necessary inclusion of lead, a toxic element, raises a critical concern for future commercial development. To address the toxicity issue, intense recent research effort has been devoted to developing lead‐free halide perovskite (LFHP) NCs. In this Review, we present a comprehensive overview of currently explored LFHP NCs with an emphasis on their crystal structures, synthesis, optical properties, and environmental stabilities (e.g., UV, heat, and moisture resistance). In addition, strategies for enhancing optical properties and stabilities of LFHP NCs as well as the state‐of‐the‐art applications are discussed. With the perspective of their properties and current challenges, we provide an outlook for future directions in this rapidly evolving field to achieve high‐quality LFHP NCs for a broader range of fundamental research and practical applications.

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Lead‐Free Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Challenges, Applications, and Future Aspects

Cited by 76 publications

References 107 publications

Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Room Temperature Syntheses toward Commercial Viability

Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Room Temperature Syntheses toward Commercial Viability

Tailoring Spectral and Temporal Properties of Semiconductor Nanowire Lasers

Lead‐Free Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Crystal Structures, Synthesis, Stabilities, and Optical Properties

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