Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury: Occurrence, Toxicity and Diseases

Abarikwu, Sunny O.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-02387-8_7

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…The lake water samples indicate that in March and November, Pb was below background concentration, with Pb concentration in November samples near 0. Our results did not show significant Pb input from the river inlets, which implies that Pb loading to the lake might be primarily from non-point upland drainage and airborne origin [39] to the lake from numerous mining sites around Utah Lake. In contrast, Pb in river and lake floc layer sediment samples was above the background concentration of 0.056 mg/L in all November sediment samples.…”

Section: Trace Metals In Water and Sediment Samplesmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…As is a ubiquitous element found in the atmosphere, soils and rocks, natural waters, and organisms. However, human activities increased the amount of As found in the environment through mining activities and combustion of fossil fuels; the use of arsenical pesticides, herbicides, and crop desiccants; the use of As as an additive to livestock feed, particularly for poultry to promote growth and prevent disease in the chickens [38,39]; and the use of As for wood preservation. The impact on the environment of the use of arsenical compounds will remain for decades.…”

Section: Trace Metals In Water and Sediment Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contamination with high levels of As is concerning because arsenic exposure can lead to numerous adverse human health effects. Several epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between As exposure and increased risks of both carcinogenic and systemic health issues [39].…”

Section: Trace Metals In Water and Sediment Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating Temporal and Spatial Variations of Nutrient and Trace Metal Loading in Utah Lake (Utah, USA)

Wang,

Zanazzi,

Cadet

et al. 2024

Water

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Utah Lake is one of the largest freshwater bodies in the West and a valuable resource for agricultural and recreational activities in the region. However, it has suffered elevated trace metal and nutrient levels since the pioneer settlement in 1847. The objectives of this project were as follows: (1) investigate the temporal and spatial variations of trace metal and nutrient concentrations in Utah Lake and its tributaries; (2) model trace metal and nutrient concentrations across the lake using GIS spatial analysis techniques. We collected floc layer sediment samples quarterly as well as monthly water samples for trace metal and nutrient analyses at designated sites. GIS spatial analysis techniques were used to model the trace metal and nutrient concentrations in the lake. Elevated trace metal concentrations in river and lake water samples have been detected, especially in the month of June. The GIS modeling revealed that the highest trace metal and nutrient concentrations were located at the deepest part of the lake and near the Spanish Fork River inlet, respectively. Moreover, the results indicate that Utah Lake is not well mixed horizontally but well mixed vertically. Our findings can help state agencies address issues in water quality and management related to human–environment interactions.

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Section: Trace Metals In Water and Sediment Samplesmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Trace Metals In Water and Sediment Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating Temporal and Spatial Variations of Nutrient and Trace Metal Loading in Utah Lake (Utah, USA)

Wang,

Zanazzi,

Cadet

et al. 2024

Water

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“…HMs are those chemical elements that have molecular densities higher than 5 g cm −3 . They are highly toxic and their excessive intake could have diverse serious health effects, including carcinogenesis, decreased reproductive ability, damages to nervous, skeletal, circulatory, endocrine and immune systems of animals and humans (Abarikwu, 2013;Li et al, 2014;Morais et al, 2012). Among the various HMs, Cd, Pb, Hg and inorganic As are potentially the most toxic and are included among the ten chemicals of major public health concern (WHO, 2017).…”

Section: Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the various HMs, Cd, Pb, Hg and inorganic As are potentially the most toxic and are included among the ten chemicals of major public health concern (WHO, 2017). As far it is known, G. Markou et al Biotechnology Advances 36 (2018) 1238-1254 these HMs have no beneficial effects in humans (Abarikwu, 2013;Morais et al, 2012). In contrast, other elements regarded as heavy metals, such as Cu, Cr, Co, Mn, Ni, Se, Mo and Zn support essential physiological functions in animals and humans and are required in very small quantities (i.e.…”

Section: Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using agro-industrial wastes for the cultivation of microalgae and duckweeds: Contamination risks and biomass safety concerns

Μάρκου

Wang

et al. 2018

Biotechnology Advances

130

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Aquatic organisms, such as microalgae (Chlorella, Arthrospira (Spirulina), Tetrasselmis, Dunalliela etc.) and duckweed (Lemna spp., Wolffia spp. etc.) are a potential source for the production of protein-rich biomass and for numerous other high-value compounds (fatty acids, pigments, vitamins etc.). Their cultivation using agro-industrial wastes and wastewater (WaW) is of particular interest in the context of a circular economy, not only for recycling valuable nutrients but also for reducing the requirements for fresh water for the production of biomass. Recovery and recycling of nutrients is an unavoidable long-term approach for securing future food and feed production. Agro-industrial WaW are rich in nutrients and have been widely considered as a potential nutrient source for the cultivation of microalgae/duckweed. However, they commonly contain various hazardous contaminants, which could potentially taint the produced biomass, raising various concerns about the safety of their consumption. Herein, an overview of the most important contaminants, including heavy metals and metalloids, pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites etc.), and xenobiotics (hormones, antibiotics, parasiticides etc.) is given. It is concluded that pretreatment and processing of WaW is a requisite step for the removal of several contaminants. Among the various technologies, anaerobic digestion (AD) is widely used in practice and offers a technologically mature approach for WaW treatment. During AD, various organic and biological contaminants are significantly removed. Further removal of contaminants could be achieved by post-treatment and processing of digestates (solid/liquid separation, dilution etc.) to further decrease the concentration of contaminants. Moreover, during cultivation an additional removal may occur through various mechanisms, such as precipitation, degradation, and biotransformation. Since many jurisdictions regulate the presence of various contaminants in feed or food setting strict safety monitoring processes, it would be of particular interest to initiate a multi-disciplinary discussion whether agro-industrial WaW ought to be used to cultivate microalgae/duckweed for feed or food production and identify most feasible options for doing this safely. Based on the current body of knowledge it is estimated that AD and post-treatment of WaW can lower significantly the risks associated with heavy metals and pathogens, but it is yet unclear to what extent this is the case for certain persistent xenobiotics.

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Effect of Fe and Cd Co-Exposure on Testicular Steroid Metabolism, Morphometry, and Spermatogenesis in Mice

Wokoma

Mgbudom-Okah

Omeodu

et al. 2018

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury: Occurrence, Toxicity and Diseases

Cited by 5 publications

References 130 publications

Investigating Temporal and Spatial Variations of Nutrient and Trace Metal Loading in Utah Lake (Utah, USA)

Investigating Temporal and Spatial Variations of Nutrient and Trace Metal Loading in Utah Lake (Utah, USA)

Using agro-industrial wastes for the cultivation of microalgae and duckweeds: Contamination risks and biomass safety concerns

Effect of Fe and Cd Co-Exposure on Testicular Steroid Metabolism, Morphometry, and Spermatogenesis in Mice

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