Leaching kinetics of 137Cs and 60Co radionuclides fixed in cement and cement-based materials

Influence of commercial and residual sorbents and silicates as additives on the stabilisation/solidification of organic and inorganic industrial waste

“…Many papers have studied cement or lime as binders and siliceous and sorbents as additives in S/S technologies [11][12][13]18,19,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Siliceous additives have been used in order to improve the physical and textural properties [12,24,29], to immobilise the heavy metals [23,25,26,[28][29][30]32,34] and some organic compounds [21,24] and to resist physico-chemical attacks [11].…”

Immobilization of cesium and strontium radionuclides in zeolite-cement blends

“…Also, a significant number of works dealing with the immobilization of different radionuclides with cement and cement mixed with different additives have been carried out [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In our previous work [14], the International Atomic Energy's (IAEA's) standard leach method [15] has been employed to study the leach pattern of cesium and cobalt radionuclides solidified in cement and cement mixed with two different ratios of locally produced silica fume and ilmenite. The results indicated that addition of up to 15% silica fume and/or ilmenite to the final cement matrix decreases the leaching rate of each studied nuclide.…”

Other Potential Applications for Alkali-Activated Materials

“…Caesium is often considered the most diffi cult radionuclide to stabilise in most L/ILW radioactive wastes, because it is weakly bound and readily eluted from many common cementing systems [ 165 ]. However, it does tend to be strongly incorporated into aluminosilicate and other zeolite-like structures [ 166 ].…”