Leachate risk and identification of accumulated heavy metals in Pangasius sutchi

Abstract

Pollutants put great stress on the environment, especially the aquatic ecosystem; therefore, the ease with which pollutants migrate in water is a subject of global concern. In this study, leachate from landfill that was analyzed with the objective of understanding the potential impact to the environment was tested on Pangasius sutchi. Heavy metals available at various concentrations in raw leachate samples of both closed and active landfills necessitated the determination of their degree of bioaccumulation in this fish species in order to enrich the risk data on toxicity of effluents. Zinc (3.2 µg g(-1)), iron (2.1 µg g(-1)) and chromium (0.24 µg g(-1)) detected in the fish within 96 h of acute exposure is of concern. A histopathology test on excised liver of P. sutchi indicated cellular disruption from normal stain. Heterogeneous effluents like leachate may affect not only groundwater but can endanger aquatic ecosystems, especially in some regions where improper waste disposal and treatment allow the flow of leachate into surface water courses. Though metals might be beneficial to organisms, the extent at which they can accumulate in leachate-exposed fish is a risk and can initiate metal toxicity in aquatic life.

Long-Term Characterization of Landfill Leachate: Impacts of the Tropical Climate on its Composition

“…Zhang et al (2013) found for the landfills X, S and N that the concentrations of Zn were 17.21, 532.5 and 1,331.25 mg L −1 , respectively. In a young leachate (BOD/COD = 0.5) from a sanitary landfill, the concentrations of Zn, Cr and Fe were 827 mg L −1 , 25.7 mg L −1 and 97.7 mg L −1 respectively (Fauziah et al, 2013). Cobalt (Co) showed an intense leaching in the methanogenic phase (Fig.…”

“…Landfill leachate may include organic compounds such as benzene, toluene and phenol (Emenike et al, 2012;Aziz et al, 2010;Kulikowska and Klimiuk, 2008), mineral compounds such as Ca, Fe, Mn and Mg (Tatsi and Zouboulis, 2002) and Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn (Mojiri et al, 2016;Gajski et al, 2012;Budi et al, 2016;Brennan et al, 2015;Amor et al, 2015;Hilles et al, 2015;Fauziah et al, 2013;Khattabi et al, 2002). Some of these metals are in a concentration higher than 1.0 mg L −1 (trace metals).…”

“…Some of these metals are in a concentration higher than 1.0 mg L −1 (trace metals). The presence of metals in the leachate is concerning as it may persist in nature and can bioaccumulate in animals and humans (Fauziah et al, 2013).…”

Legitimidade democrática no Brasil e na Argentina em perspectiva comparada: diferentes transições democráticas e suas consequências

“…Cavarozzi, 1988;P. M. Cavarozzi, 1991;Garretón, 1997;O'Donnel, Schmitter, & Whitehead, 1994;Sader, 2001) A democracia brasileira renasceu não a imagem e semelhança da campanha pelas eleições diretas, senão a imagem e semelhança do pacto de elite no colégio eleitoral 14 , o que significava que nascia marcada pela fusão entre o novo e o velho" (Sader, 2001). Sader (2001) sublinha ainda que, no caso brasileiro, as estruturas econômicas se mantiveram, basicamente, as mesmas depois da mudança do regime.…”

Selected microbial diversity of contaminated landfill soil of Peninsular Malaysia and the behavior towards heavy metal exposure

“…Leachate is the liquid/fluid that flows out from waste because of increased moisture levels from water penetration or degradation. The global characterization of leachate, especially from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills, has shown that it is highly heterogeneous and often contains massive amounts of dissolved organic matter, pesticides, xenobiotics, and heavy metals (Emenike et al, , 2012Fauziah et al, 2013;Kjeldsen et al, 2002). When any landfill lacks proper liners and an adequate collection system for the leachate generated from waste degradation, raw leachate will laterally seep into soil compartments and contaminate the soil.…”